School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2021 Jun;30(6):1270-1274. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-20-1726. Epub 2021 Apr 13.
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for more than 80% of kidney cancers in adults, and obesity is a known risk factor. Regular consumption of sweetened beverages has been linked to obesity and several chronic diseases, including some types of cancer. It is uncertain whether soft drink and juice consumption is associated with risk of RCC. We investigated the associations of soft drink and juice consumption with RCC incidence and mortality in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC).
A total of 389,220 EPIC participants with median age of 52 years at recruitment (1991-2000) were included. Cox regression yielded adjusted HRs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for RCC incidence and mortality in relation to intakes of juices and total, sugar-sweetened, and artificially sweetened soft drinks.
A total of 888 incident RCCs and 356 RCC deaths were identified. In models including adjustment for body mass index and energy intake, there was no higher risk of incident RCC associated with consumption of juices (HR per 100 g/day increment = 1.03; 95% CI, 0.97-1.09), total soft drinks (HR = 1.01; 95% CI, 0.98-1.05), sugar-sweetened soft drinks (HR = 0.99; 95% CI, 0.94-1.05), or artificially sweetened soft drinks (HR = 1.02; 95% CI, 0.96-1.08). In these fully adjusted models, none of the beverages was associated with RCC mortality (HR, 95% CI per 100 g/day increment 1.06, 0.97-1.16; 1.03, 0.98-1.09; 0.97, 0.89-1.07; and 1.06, 0.99-1.14, respectively).
Consumption of juices or soft drinks was not associated with RCC incidence or mortality after adjusting for obesity.
Soft drink and juice intakes are unlikely to play an independent role in RCC development or mortality.
肾细胞癌（RCC）占成人肾癌的 80%以上，肥胖是已知的风险因素。经常饮用加糖饮料与肥胖和几种慢性疾病有关，包括某些类型的癌症。目前尚不确定软饮料和果汁的消费是否与 RCC 风险相关。我们在欧洲癌症前瞻性调查和营养研究（EPIC）中调查了软饮料和果汁消费与 RCC 发病率和死亡率的关系。
共纳入 389220 名 EPIC 参与者，招募时的中位年龄为 52 岁（1991-2000 年）。Cox 回归得出了与果汁和总、含糖和人工加糖软饮料摄入量相关的 RCC 发病率和死亡率的调整后的 HR 和 95%置信区间（CI）。
共确定了 888 例新发 RCC 和 356 例 RCC 死亡病例。在包括调整体重指数和能量摄入的模型中，果汁摄入与新发 RCC 的风险增加无关（每 100 克/天增量的 HR = 1.03；95%CI，0.97-1.09），总软饮料（HR = 1.01；95%CI，0.98-1.05），含糖软饮料（HR = 0.99；95%CI，0.94-1.05）或人工加糖软饮料（HR = 1.02；95%CI，0.96-1.08）。在这些完全调整的模型中，没有一种饮料与 RCC 死亡率相关（每 100 克/天增量的 HR，95%CI 分别为 1.06、0.97-1.16；1.03、0.98-1.09；0.97、0.89-1.07；和 1.06、0.99-1.14）。
在调整肥胖因素后，果汁或软饮料的摄入与 RCC 的发病率或死亡率无关。
软饮料和果汁的摄入量不太可能在 RCC 的发展或死亡率方面发挥独立作用。
