Albanes D, Winick M
Cancer Prevention Studies Branch, Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892.
J Natl Cancer Inst. 1988 Jul 20;80(10):772-4. doi: 10.1093/jnci/80.10.772.
Relatively little is known about the mechanisms underlying carcinogenesis in humans. Caloric restriction strongly inhibits the development of neoplasia in rodents, and there is evidence of a positive relationship between cancer and body weight in humans. Caloric restriction early in life is also known to permanently diminish organ cellularity. A recent link between adult stature and cancer incidence similarly implicates a lasting effect for growth and possibly for early nutrition in carcinogenesis. It is postulated that cancer risk is proportional to the number of proliferating cells, which in turn depends on both the number of cells and the rate of cell division within the tissue. This hypothesis is consistent with several aspects of human carcinogenesis, including multistage models and the epithelial origin of most cancers.
关于人类致癌作用的潜在机制，人们所知相对较少。热量限制能强烈抑制啮齿动物肿瘤的发展，并且有证据表明人类癌症与体重之间存在正相关关系。早年的热量限制还已知会永久性减少器官细胞数量。最近成人身高与癌症发病率之间的联系同样表明生长以及可能早期营养在致癌过程中具有持久影响。据推测，癌症风险与增殖细胞数量成正比，而增殖细胞数量又反过来取决于组织内细胞数量和细胞分裂速率。这一假设与人类致癌作用的几个方面相符，包括多阶段模型以及大多数癌症的上皮起源。
