Zangouei Amir Sadra, Alimardani Maliheh, Moghbeli Meysam
Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Cancer Cell Int. 2021 Apr 15;21(1):213. doi: 10.1186/s12935-021-01873-4.
Chemotherapy is one of the most common treatment options for breast cancer (BC) patients. However, about half of the BC patients are chemotherapeutic resistant. Doxorubicin (DOX) is considered as one of the first line drugs in the treatment of BC patients whose function is negatively affected by multi drug resistance. Due to the severe side effects of DOX, it is very important to diagnose the DOX resistant BC patients. Therefore, assessment of molecular mechanisms involved in DOX resistance can improve the clinical outcomes in BC patients by introducing the novel therapeutic and diagnostic molecular markers. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) as members of the non-coding RNAs family have pivotal roles in various cellular processes including cell proliferation and apoptosis. Therefore, aberrant miRNAs functions and expressions can be associated with tumor progression, metastasis, and drug resistance. Moreover, due to miRNAs stability in body fluids, they can be considered as non-invasive diagnostic markers for the DOX response in BC patients.
In the present review, we have summarized all of the miRNAs that have been reported to be associated with DOX resistance in BC for the first time in the world.
Since, DOX has severe side effects; it is required to distinguish the non DOX-responders from responders to improve the clinical outcomes of BC patients. This review highlights the miRNAs as pivotal regulators of DOX resistance in breast tumor cells. Moreover, the present review paves the way of introducing a non-invasive panel of prediction markers for DOX response among BC patients.
化疗是乳腺癌（BC）患者最常见的治疗选择之一。然而，约一半的BC患者存在化疗耐药性。多柔比星（DOX）被认为是治疗BC患者的一线药物之一，其功能受到多药耐药性的负面影响。由于DOX的严重副作用，诊断DOX耐药的BC患者非常重要。因此，评估参与DOX耐药的分子机制可以通过引入新的治疗和诊断分子标志物来改善BC患者的临床结局。微小RNA（miRNA）作为非编码RNA家族的成员，在包括细胞增殖和凋亡在内的各种细胞过程中起关键作用。因此，miRNA功能和表达异常可能与肿瘤进展、转移和耐药性有关。此外，由于miRNA在体液中的稳定性，它们可被视为BC患者DOX反应的非侵入性诊断标志物。
在本综述中，我们首次总结了世界上所有已报道的与BC患者DOX耐药相关的miRNA。
由于DOX有严重的副作用，需要区分对DOX无反应者和有反应者，以改善BC患者的临床结局。本综述强调了miRNA作为乳腺肿瘤细胞中DOX耐药的关键调节因子。此外，本综述为在BC患者中引入DOX反应的非侵入性预测标志物组铺平了道路。
