School of Education, Department of Psychology, and Learning Research & Development Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.
School of Education, Department of Psychology, and Learning Research & Development Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.
J Adolesc Health. 2021 Jun;68(6):1059-1066. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2021.03.014. Epub 2021 Apr 12.
Adolescents are at risk for violating COVID-19 social distancing measures owing to salient developmental needs for autonomy and relatedness. This intensive longitudinal study investigated the initiation and sustainment of adolescents' daily social distancing behaviors.
Focus group and daily-diary approaches were used to collect 6,216 assessments from a nationwide American adolescent sample (n = 444; M = 15.1; 40% male; 42% black/African American, 40% white/European American, 10% Latinx, 6% Asian American, 2% Native American) over the course of 14 days at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic.
When adolescents were motivated by preventing others from getting sick, they were more likely to engage in social distancing (same day: B = .50, SE = .09, 95% confidence interval [CI] [.32, .68] p < .001; next day: B = .49, SE = .09, 95% CI [.31, .67] p < .001). Daily social support from friends (same day: B = .04, SE = .02, 95% CI [.01, .08] p < .05; next day: B = .08, SE = .02, 95% CI [.05, .12] p < .001), connectedness with friends via technology (same day: B = .23, SE = .04, 95% CI [.14, .32] p < .001; next day: B = .12, SE = .05, 95% CI [.03, .21] p < .001), and practical knowledge about ways to prevent contracting and transmitting COVID-19 (same day: B = .12, SE = .02, 95% CI [.08, .17] p < .001; next day: B = .05, SE = .02, 95% CI [.01, .10] p < .05) positively predicted adolescents' same- and next-day engagement in social distancing.
Adolescents who were motivated by the desire to protect others were more likely to engage in social distancing. In addition, adolescents who learned about preventative health behaviors for mitigating COVID-19, received peer support, and remained virtually connected with friends were more likely to engage in daily social distancing at the onset of the pandemic.
青少年有违反 COVID-19 社交距离措施的风险，因为他们有明显的自主和相关的发展需求。本纵向研究调查了青少年日常社交距离行为的开始和维持。
采用焦点小组和日常日记的方法，从全美青少年样本（n=444；M=15.1；40%为男性；42%为黑/非裔美国人，40%为白/欧裔美国人，10%为拉丁裔，6%为亚裔美国人，2%为美国原住民）中收集了 6216 项评估，时间跨度为 COVID-19 大流行开始后的 14 天。
当青少年出于防止他人感染的动机时，他们更有可能采取社交距离措施（当天：B=.50，SE=.09，95%置信区间[CI] [.32，.68] p <.001；次日：B=.49，SE=.09，95% CI [.31，.67] p <.001）。来自朋友的每日社交支持（当天：B=.04，SE=.02，95% CI [.01，.08] p <.05；次日：B=.08，SE=.02，95% CI [.05，.12] p <.001），通过技术与朋友的联系（当天：B=.23，SE=.04，95% CI [.14，.32] p <.001；次日：B=.12，SE=.05，95% CI [.03，.21] p <.001），以及关于预防感染和传播 COVID-19 的实际知识（当天：B=.12，SE=.02，95% CI [.08，.17] p <.001；次日：B=.05，SE=.02，95% CI [.01，.10] p <.05），均正向预测了青少年当天和次日的社交距离行为。
出于保护他人的愿望而采取社交距离措施的青少年更有可能采取社交距离措施。此外，了解减轻 COVID-19 的预防性健康行为、获得同伴支持并与朋友保持虚拟联系的青少年在大流行开始时更有可能每天进行社交距离活动。
