青少年在新冠疫情期间采取社交距离措施的动机：与心理和社会健康的关联
Adolescents' Motivations to Engage in Social Distancing During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Associations With Mental and Social Health.
作者信息
Oosterhoff Benjamin, Palmer Cara A, Wilson Jenna, Shook Natalie
机构信息
Department of Psychology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana.
Department of Psychology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana.
出版信息
J Adolesc Health. 2020 Aug;67(2):179-185. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.05.004. Epub 2020 May 8.
PURPOSE
Reducing the spread of infection during the COVID-19 pandemic prompted recommendations for individuals to socially distance. Little is known about the extent to which youth are socially distancing, what motivations underlie their social distancing, and how these motivations are connected with amount of social distancing, mental health, and social health. Using a large sample of adolescents from across the United States, this study examined adolescents' motivations for social distancing, their engagement in social distancing, and their mental and social health.
METHODS
Data were collected on March 29th and 30th, 2020, two weeks after COVID-19 was declared a national emergency in the United States. The sample consisted of 683 adolescents recruited using social media. A series of multiple linear regressions examined unique associations among adolescents' motivations to engage in social distancing, perceived amount of social distancing, anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, burdensomeness, and belongingness.
RESULTS
Almost all respondents (98.1%) reported engaging in at least a little social distancing. The most commonly reported motivations for social distancing concerned social responsibility and not wanting others to get sick. Motivations concerning state or city lockdowns, parental rules, and social responsibility were associated with greater social distancing, whereas motivations concerning no alternatives were associated with less social distancing. Specific motivations for social distancing were differentially associated with adolescents' anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, burdensomeness, and belongingness.
CONCLUSIONS
Understanding adolescents' motivations to engage in social distancing may inform strategies to increase social distancing engagement, reduce pathogen transmission, and identify individual differences in mental and social health during the COVID-19 pandemic.
目的
在新冠疫情期间减少感染传播促使人们建议个人保持社交距离。对于青少年保持社交距离的程度、其背后的动机以及这些动机如何与社交距离的程度、心理健康和社会健康相关联，我们知之甚少。本研究以来自美国各地的大量青少年为样本，考察了青少年保持社交距离的动机、他们参与社交距离的情况以及他们的心理和社会健康状况。
方法
数据于2020年3月29日和30日收集，此时距离新冠疫情在美国被宣布为国家紧急状态已过去两周。样本包括通过社交媒体招募的683名青少年。一系列多元线性回归分析考察了青少年参与社交距离的动机、感知到的社交距离量、焦虑症状、抑郁症状、负担感和归属感之间的独特关联。
结果
几乎所有受访者（98.1%）都报告至少有一点社交距离行为。最常被提及的社交距离动机涉及社会责任以及不想让他人患病。与州或城市封锁、父母规定和社会责任相关联的动机与更大程度的社交距离有关，而与没有其他选择相关的动机则与较小程度的社交距离有关。社交距离的具体动机与青少年的焦虑症状、抑郁症状、负担感和归属感存在不同程度的关联。
结论
了解青少年参与社交距离的动机可能有助于制定策略，以提高社交距离的参与度、减少病原体传播，并识别新冠疫情期间心理和社会健康方面的个体差异。
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