Szu Jenny, Wojcinski Alexandre, Jiang Peng, Kesari Santosh
Department of Translational Neurosciences and Neurotherapeutics, Saint John's Cancer Institute, Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, CA, United States.
Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States.
Front Neurosci. 2021 Mar 30;15:659601. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.659601. eCollection 2021.
The genes encode members of the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) family of transcription factors. Olig1, Olig2, and Olig3 are expressed in both the developing and mature central nervous system (CNS) and strictly regulate cellular specification and differentiation. Extensive studies have established functional roles of and in directing neuronal and glial formation during different stages in development. Recently, Olig2 overexpression was implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders down syndrome (DS) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) but its influence on cognitive and intellectual defects remains unknown. In this review, we summarize the biological functions of the Olig family and how it uniquely promotes cellular diversity in the CNS. This is followed up with a discussion on how abnormal Olig2 expression impacts brain development and function in DS and ASD. Collectively, the studies described here emphasize vital features of the Olig members and their distinctive potential roles in neurodevelopmental disease states.
这些基因编码转录因子基本螺旋-环-螺旋（bHLH）家族的成员。Olig1、Olig2和Olig3在发育中的和成熟的中枢神经系统（CNS）中均有表达，并严格调控细胞的特化和分化。广泛的研究已经确立了它们在发育的不同阶段指导神经元和神经胶质形成中的功能作用。最近，Olig2的过表达与神经发育障碍唐氏综合征（DS）和自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）有关，但其对认知和智力缺陷的影响仍不清楚。在这篇综述中，我们总结了Olig家族的生物学功能以及它如何独特地促进中枢神经系统中的细胞多样性。接下来讨论异常的Olig2表达如何影响DS和ASD中的大脑发育和功能。总体而言，这里描述的研究强调了Olig家族成员的重要特征及其在神经发育疾病状态中的独特潜在作用。
