Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
Digestive Disease Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Sep;28(33):45365-45374. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-13941-3. Epub 2021 Apr 16.
The prevalence of smoking in developing countries is known as a significant public health problem, and it is correlated with different demographic and socio-economic factors. This study aimed to determine the environmental and economical related factors of smoking among Iranian adults aged 35 to 70 years. The study sample consisted of 20,152 of Ardabil population aged 35-70 years which was enrolled in the PERSIAN cohort study. Smoking status during the last year was defined as dependent variable and demographic and socio-economic factors considered as independent variables. To identify the main socio-economic factors affecting the smoking prevalence in Ardabil, multivariable logistic regression was used. The prevalence of smoking was 16.1 (95%, CI 15.5-16.4) in this study, where the prevalence of smoking was for men and women 33.4% and 1.4%, respectively. The prevalence of smoking had significant association with old age (2.05, 95% CI, 1.66 to 2.53), male gender (45.15, 95% CI, 37.14 to 54.89), being married (2.60, 95% CI, 1.51 to 4.46), having cardiovascular disease (1.54, 95% CI, 1.32 to 1.79), and negative association with illiteracy (0.50, 95% CI, 0.40 to 0.64), being obese (0.83, 95% CI, 0.73 to 0.94), and lower socio-economic status (0.74, 95% CI, 0.64 to 0.84). The study showed that the prevalence of smoking in Ardabil is higher than many other countries, and different factors, especially socio-economic status, have an association with the prevalence. There are deep needs to policies and regulations such as increasing the taxation on a cigarette to reduce the negative effect of smoking in Iran.
发展中国家的吸烟流行率被认为是一个重大的公共卫生问题，它与不同的人口统计学和社会经济因素有关。本研究旨在确定与伊朗 35 至 70 岁成年人吸烟有关的环境和经济因素。研究样本包括 20152 名年龄在 35-70 岁的阿尔达比勒居民，他们参加了 PERSIAN 队列研究。在过去一年中吸烟状况被定义为因变量，人口统计学和社会经济因素被视为自变量。为了确定影响阿尔达比勒吸烟流行率的主要社会经济因素，使用了多变量逻辑回归。本研究中吸烟的流行率为 16.1%（95%CI 15.5-16.4），其中男性和女性的吸烟率分别为 33.4%和 1.4%。吸烟的流行与年龄较大（2.05，95%CI，1.66-2.53）、男性（45.15，95%CI，37.14-54.89）、已婚（2.60，95%CI，1.51-4.46）、心血管疾病（1.54，95%CI，1.32-1.79）呈显著正相关，与文盲（0.50，95%CI，0.40-0.64）呈负相关，与肥胖（0.83，95%CI，0.73-0.94）和较低的社会经济地位（0.74，95%CI，0.64-0.84）呈负相关。研究表明，阿尔达比勒的吸烟流行率高于许多其他国家，不同的因素，特别是社会经济地位，与吸烟流行率有关。伊朗需要制定政策和法规，如增加烟草税，以减少吸烟的负面影响。
