Yokoyama S, Chung L, Gojobori T
University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois 61820.
Mol Biol Evol. 1988 May;5(3):237-51. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a040495.
A phylogenetic tree for different human immunodeficiency viruses type 1 (HIV1) and type 2 (HIV2), lentiviruses, and oncoviruses has been constructed by comparing the nucleotide sequences of the two regions of their pol genes that encode the reverse transcriptase and endonuclease/integrase. The analysis indicates that (1) different HIV1 strains form one cluster and their common ancestor diverged from the ancestor of HIV2, (2) the common ancestor of the HIV1 and HIV2 strains diverged from that of the lentivirus, and (3) the common ancestor of the lentivirus group and that of the oncoviruses diverged earlier than that. Divergence between the HIV1 and HIV2 strains seems to have occurred greater than 200 years ago, implying that AIDS has existed for a long time but went undetected. Furthermore, nonsynonymous changes are occurring uniformly through time, whereas synonymous changes are more variable among different lineages.
通过比较编码逆转录酶和核酸内切酶/整合酶的 pol 基因两个区域的核苷酸序列，构建了不同的 1 型人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV1）和 2 型人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV2）、慢病毒和肿瘤病毒的系统发育树。分析表明：（1）不同的 HIV1 毒株形成一个簇，它们的共同祖先与 HIV2 的祖先分化；（2）HIV1 和 HIV2 毒株的共同祖先与慢病毒的祖先分化；（3）慢病毒组的共同祖先和肿瘤病毒的共同祖先比前者更早分化。HIV1 和 HIV2 毒株之间的分化似乎发生在 200 多年前，这意味着艾滋病已经存在很长时间但未被发现。此外，非同义变化随时间均匀发生，而同义变化在不同谱系中更具变异性。
