Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-hang-tang Road, Zhejiang, 310058, Hangzhou, China.
BMC Geriatr. 2021 Apr 17;21(1):259. doi: 10.1186/s12877-021-02207-9.
Depression is a common mental disorder among older people. This study aimed to assess the association between housing environment factors and depressive symptoms among older people using a multidimensional assessment method.
The study uses a population-based cross-sectional design. A total of 950 participants aged ≥ 60 years were selected using a complex multistage sampling design from 22 locations in China. All data were collected using questionnaires by face-to-face interviews. A total of 938 participants were included in the analysis, and 17.1% of males and 23.1% of females were identified as having depressive symptoms. The depressive symptoms were assessed using the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale. The housing environment was assessed on the basis of four dimensions: physical, social, psychological, and cognition and physical function. Cumulative logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between housing environment and depressive symptoms.
The Cochran-Armitage trend test showed that the depressive symptom scores were linearly negatively associated with self-assessed housing environment, living arrangement, life satisfaction, and other physical environment factors and linearly positively associated with cognitive and physical function scores. The results of cumulative logistic regression analysis showed that the housing environment was significantly associated with depressive symptoms. The participants' self-assessed housing environment was strongly associated with the levels of depressive symptom scores, and the odds ratio was 3.47 (95% CI, 1.14-10.82, P = 0.003).
The housing environment was significantly associated with depressive symptoms. Our results suggest that multi-dimensional assessment in the housing environment may be an effective way to develop intervention strategies of depressive symptoms among older people.
抑郁症是老年人常见的精神障碍。本研究旨在采用多维评估方法评估老年人住房环境因素与抑郁症状之间的关系。
本研究采用基于人群的横断面设计。采用复杂的多阶段抽样设计，从中国 22 个地点共选取了 950 名年龄≥60 岁的参与者。所有数据均通过面对面访谈使用问卷收集。共有 938 名参与者纳入分析，17.1%的男性和 23.1%的女性被确定为有抑郁症状。使用 15 项老年抑郁量表评估抑郁症状。根据物理、社会、心理和认知与身体功能四个维度评估住房环境。采用累积逻辑回归分析评估住房环境与抑郁症状之间的关系。
Cochran-Armitage 趋势检验表明，抑郁症状评分与自我评估的住房环境、居住安排、生活满意度和其他物理环境因素呈线性负相关，与认知和身体功能评分呈线性正相关。累积逻辑回归分析结果表明，住房环境与抑郁症状显著相关。参与者自我评估的住房环境与抑郁症状评分水平密切相关，优势比为 3.47（95%CI，1.14-10.82，P=0.003）。
住房环境与抑郁症状显著相关。我们的研究结果表明，住房环境的多维评估可能是制定老年人抑郁症状干预策略的有效方法。
