Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Colorectal Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
BMC Public Health. 2021 Apr 17;21(1):746. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-10802-z.
Iranians face being overweight as one of the most common health problems, which is more prevalent among women. This study aimed to identify gender differences in determinants of being overweight in 40- to 70-year-old participants from Kharameh, Iran.
This cross-sectional study was conducted during 2015-2016. The total 10,663 inhabitants of Kharameh, Iran, aged 40-70 years old, were target population. Those with a body mass index (BMI) < 18.5 or > 29.9 were excluded. A checklist composed of socio-demographic, lifestyle, and BMI items was used; a p-value < 0.05 was considered significant.
Overall, 53.4% of 8222 participants were overweight. The prevalence of overweight women (62.7%) was significantly higher (p < 0.001) than men (43.6%). The logistic regression model for men showed that being overweight was more likely among men with cigarette smoking history (OR = 1.49) and those with a moderate physical activity level (OR = 1.35), but less likely among those with a higher socio-economic status (SES) (OR = 0.74). Among women, being overweight was associated with high SES (OR = 1.61), an education level below high school diploma (OR = 1.57) and primary school education (OR = 1.50), being married (OR = 2.39), widowed (OR = 2.11) and having a greater calorie intake (OR = 1.01). Being overweight was less likely among employed women (OR = 0.85), those with cigarette smoking history (OR = 0.65), and those with high (OR = 0.72) and intensive physical activity (OR = 0.73).
This study revealed the gender differences in determining factors affecting being overweight. As being overweight was more prevalent among women, the priority of health policies to control this issue should also be focused on women.
超重是伊朗人面临的最常见健康问题之一，女性中更为普遍。本研究旨在确定 40 至 70 岁的伊朗卡拉梅参与者超重的决定因素中的性别差异。
这是一项横断面研究，于 2015-2016 年进行。伊朗卡拉梅的总人口为 10663 人，年龄在 40-70 岁之间，为目标人群。那些身体质量指数（BMI）<18.5 或>29.9 的人被排除在外。使用了一份由社会人口统计学、生活方式和 BMI 项目组成的清单；p 值<0.05 被认为具有统计学意义。
总体而言，8222 名参与者中有 53.4%超重。超重女性（62.7%）的患病率明显高于男性（43.6%）（p<0.001）。男性的逻辑回归模型显示，有吸烟史的男性（OR=1.49）和中等体力活动水平的男性（OR=1.35）更有可能超重，但社会经济地位（SES）较高的男性（OR=0.74）则不太可能超重。在女性中，超重与 SES 较高（OR=1.61）、中学以下学历（OR=1.57）和小学教育（OR=1.50）、已婚（OR=2.39）、丧偶（OR=2.11）和卡路里摄入量较高（OR=1.01）有关。有吸烟史的女性（OR=0.65）和就业女性（OR=0.85）以及有高（OR=0.72）和高强度体力活动（OR=0.73）的女性更不容易超重。
本研究揭示了决定超重因素中的性别差异。由于超重在女性中更为普遍，控制这一问题的健康政策的重点也应针对女性。
