Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Via Tommaso Fiorelli 1, 09126 Cagliari, Italy.
Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia.
J Hazard Mater. 2021 Aug 15;416:125778. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125778. Epub 2021 Apr 3.
This study investigated mass concentrations of selected plastics in store-bought rice, the staple of more than half the world's population. Polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, poly-(methyl methacrylate), polypropylene, polystyrene and polyvinyl chloride were quantified using pressurized liquid extraction coupled to double-shot pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Polyethylene, polypropylene and polyethylene terephthalate were quantifiable in the rice samples with polyethylene the most frequently detected (95%). There was no statistical difference between total plastic concentration in paper and plastic packaged rice. Shaking the rice in its packaging had no significant difference on the concentration of plastics. Washing the rice with water significantly reduced plastic contamination. Instant (pre-cooked) rice contained fourfold higher levels of plastics, suggesting that industrial processing potentially increases contamination. A preliminary estimate of the intake of plastic through rice consumption for Australians established 3.7 mg per serve (100 g) if not washed and 2.8 mg if washed. Annual consumption was estimated around 1 g/person.
本研究调查了市售大米（世界上一半以上人口的主食）中选定塑料的质量浓度。使用加压液体萃取结合双喷射热解气相色谱/质谱法对聚乙烯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚（甲基丙烯酸甲酯）、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯和聚氯乙烯进行定量分析。聚乙烯、聚丙烯和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯可在大米样品中定量，其中聚乙烯的检出率最高（95%）。纸质和塑料包装大米中的总塑料浓度无统计学差异。在包装中摇晃大米对塑料浓度没有显著影响。用清水冲洗大米可显著减少塑料污染。速食（预煮）米饭中的塑料含量高 4 倍，表明工业加工可能会增加污染。通过对澳大利亚人食用大米摄入塑料的初步估计，如果不清洗，每份（100 克）大米中的摄入量为 3.7 毫克，如果清洗则为 2.8 毫克。估计每年人均摄入量约为 1 克。
