Abebe Melese Shenkut, Asres Kaleab, Bekuretsion Yonas, Abebe Abiy, Bikila Demiraw, Seyoum Girma
Department of Anatomy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Department Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Toxicol Rep. 2021 Apr 3;8:822-828. doi: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2021.03.032. eCollection 2021.
Wall. leaf is being used as a traditional medicine against hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Unlike its efficacy, the safety profile of this plant upon long-term administration has not been investigated yet. Therefore, this study investigated the sub-chronic toxicity of leaves in rats.
Wistar albino rats, 10/sex/group were randomly assigned into four groups. Group I-III respectively received 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg of body weight of 70 % ethanol extract of leaves for 90 consecutive days. Group IV (control) received distilled water. Throughout the experiment, clinical observations were carried out, food intake and weight of the rats also were measured. Finally, different biochemical parameters, organ weight, and histopathology of liver and kidneys were evaluated.
Administration of 70 % ethanol extract of leaves decreased food intake and body weight gain of the test animals. Rats treated with 1000 mg/kg of extract showed significantly increased serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase levels. Serum urea levels also increased in female rats treated with 500 and 1000 mg/kg body weight of . Moreover, the blood glucose level of rats treated with 1000 mg/kg body weight was significantly decreased compared to the control group. However, the histology of the liver and kidneys were not significantly altered by any of the doses administered.
Administration of in rats at a dose of 1000 mg/kg body weight affected the food consumption, weight gain, and serum levels of liver and kidney enzymes suggesting that intake at high doses may be toxic. Therefore, liberal consumption of leaves should be taken curiously and cautiously.
墙叶被用作治疗高血压和糖尿病的传统药物。与其疗效不同的是，这种植物长期给药后的安全性尚未得到研究。因此，本研究调查了墙叶在大鼠中的亚慢性毒性。
将10只/性别/组的Wistar白化大鼠随机分为四组。第一至三组分别连续90天接受250、500和1000mg/kg体重的墙叶70%乙醇提取物。第四组（对照组）接受蒸馏水。在整个实验过程中，进行临床观察，测量大鼠的食物摄入量和体重。最后，评估不同的生化参数、器官重量以及肝脏和肾脏的组织病理学。
给予墙叶70%乙醇提取物会降低实验动物的食物摄入量和体重增加。用1000mg/kg提取物处理的大鼠血清丙氨酸转氨酶、天冬氨酸转氨酶和碱性磷酸酶水平显著升高。用500和1000mg/kg体重的墙叶提取物处理的雌性大鼠血清尿素水平也升高。此外，与对照组相比，用1000mg/kg体重处理的大鼠血糖水平显著降低。然而，所给予的任何剂量均未使肝脏和肾脏的组织学发生显著改变。
以1000mg/kg体重的剂量给大鼠给予墙叶提取物会影响食物消耗、体重增加以及肝脏和肾脏酶的血清水平，这表明高剂量摄入墙叶提取物可能有毒。因此，应谨慎对待墙叶的大量食用。
