Jeffries Claire L, White Mia, Wilson Louisia, Yakob Laith, Walker Thomas
Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK.
Wellcome Open Res. 2020 Dec 16;5:149. doi: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16030.2. eCollection 2020.
. Outbreaks of mosquito-borne arboviral diseases including dengue virus (DENV), Zika virus (ZIKV), yellow fever virus (YFV) and chikungunya virus (CHIKV) have recently occurred in the Caribbean. The geographical range of the principal vectors responsible for transmission, and . are increasing and greater mosquito surveillance is needed in the Caribbean given international tourism is so prominent. The island of Saint Lucia has seen outbreaks of DENV and CHIKV in the past five years but vector surveillance has been limited with the last studies dating back to the late 1970s. Natural disasters have changed the landscape of Saint Lucia and the island has gone through significant urbanisation. . In this study, we conducted an entomological survey of and distribution across the island and analysed environmental parameters associated with the presence of these species in addition to screening for medically important arboviruses and other flaviviruses. Although we collected across a range of sites across the island, no were collected despite traps being placed in diverse ecological settings. The number of collected was significantly associated with higher elevation, and semi-urban settings yielded female mosquito counts per trap-day that were five-fold lower than urban settings. Screening for arboviruses revealed a high prevalence of cell-fusing agent virus (CFAV). Outbreaks of arboviruses transmitted by and have a history of occurring in small tropical islands and Saint Lucia is particularly vulnerable given the limited resources available to undertake vector control and manage outbreaks. Surveillance strategies can identify risk areas for predicting future outbreaks. Further research is needed to determine the diversity of current mosquito species, investigate insect-specific viruses, as well as pathogenic arboviruses, and this should also be extended to the neighbouring smaller Caribbean islands.
包括登革热病毒（DENV）、寨卡病毒（ZIKV）、黄热病病毒（YFV）和基孔肯雅病毒（CHIKV）在内的蚊媒虫媒病毒疾病最近在加勒比地区爆发。负责传播的主要病媒的地理范围正在扩大，鉴于国际旅游业非常突出，加勒比地区需要加强蚊虫监测。圣卢西亚岛在过去五年中曾出现过登革热病毒和基孔肯雅病毒的疫情，但病媒监测一直有限，上次研究可追溯到20世纪70年代末。自然灾害改变了圣卢西亚的地貌，该岛经历了显著的城市化进程。在本研究中，我们对全岛的[蚊种1]和[蚊种2]分布进行了昆虫学调查，并分析了与这些蚊种存在相关的环境参数，此外还筛查了具有医学重要性的虫媒病毒和其他黄病毒。尽管我们在全岛一系列地点采集到了[蚊种1]，但尽管在不同生态环境中设置了诱捕器，却没有采集到[蚊种2]。采集到的[蚊种1]数量与较高海拔显著相关，半城市环境中每个诱捕日捕获的雌蚊数量比城市环境低五倍。对虫媒病毒的筛查显示细胞融合剂病毒（CFAV）的高流行率。由[蚊种1]和[蚊种2]传播的虫媒病毒在小型热带岛屿有爆发的历史，鉴于用于病媒控制和疫情管理的资源有限，圣卢西亚尤其脆弱。监测策略可以识别预测未来疫情的风险区域。需要进一步研究以确定当前蚊种的多样性，调查昆虫特异性病毒以及致病性虫媒病毒，并且这也应扩展到邻近的较小加勒比岛屿。
