Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Bundang Jesaeng Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2022 Jan;131(1):71-77. doi: 10.1177/00034894211008702. Epub 2021 Apr 19.
Several allergy tests are used for the diagnosis of allergic rhinitis; however, few studies have reported a direct comparison of the skin prick test (SPT), multiple allergen simultaneous test (MAST), and ImmunoCAP according to specific allergens. This study aimed to evaluate the correlations between each test and allergic rhinitis symptoms and to evaluate the correlations of the MAST and ImmunoCAP with the SPT for representative indoor allergens in Korea.
Electronic medical charts were retrospectively reviewed, and 698 patients with allergic rhinitis who had performed SPT, MAST, and ImmunoCAP were enrolled. Correlations between each allergy test for 4 representative indoor allergens and the symptoms of allergic rhinitis were analyzed. Agreements of the MAST and ImmunoCAP with the SPT were compared according to each allergen.
The SPT showed higher correlations with allergic rhinitis symptoms for 4 indoor allergens (, , cat, and dog allergens) than the MAST or ImmunoCAP. In comparison between the MAST and SPT, the least correlation was observed for the dog allergen, whereas between the ImmunoCAP and SPT, the least correlation was observed for the cat allergen. The correlation between the ImmunoCAP and SPT was higher than that between the MAST and SPT for the dog allergen, whereas no significant differences were noted for other allergens.
Overall, the SPT showed a higher correlation with allergic rhinitis symptoms than the MAST or ImmunoCAP for 4 indoor allergens. ImmunoCAP showed similar reactivity to MAST; however, it showed better positivity with dog allergen in patients who were reactive to the allergen in the SPT. Care should be taken while evaluating dog allergen sensitization using the MAST.
有几种过敏测试可用于过敏性鼻炎的诊断；然而，很少有研究报告直接比较皮肤点刺测试（SPT）、多种过敏原同时测试（MAST）和免疫 CAP 根据特定过敏原的情况。本研究旨在评估每种测试与过敏性鼻炎症状之间的相关性，并评估 MAST 和免疫 CAP 与代表韩国室内过敏原的 SPT 的相关性。
回顾性查阅电子病历，共纳入 698 例接受 SPT、MAST 和免疫 CAP 检测的过敏性鼻炎患者。分析了 4 种代表性室内过敏原的每种过敏测试与过敏性鼻炎症状之间的相关性。根据每种过敏原比较 MAST 和免疫 CAP 与 SPT 的一致性。
SPT 对 4 种室内过敏原（尘螨、屋尘、猫和狗过敏原）的过敏性鼻炎症状的相关性高于 MAST 或免疫 CAP。与 SPT 相比，MAST 对狗过敏原的相关性最低，而与 SPT 相比，免疫 CAP 对猫过敏原的相关性最低。免疫 CAP 与 SPT 的相关性高于 MAST 与 SPT 的相关性，而对于其他过敏原，两者无显著差异。
总体而言，SPT 对 4 种室内过敏原的过敏性鼻炎症状的相关性高于 MAST 或免疫 CAP。免疫 CAP 与 MAST 具有相似的反应性；然而，在对 SPT 中过敏原呈阳性反应的患者中，它对狗过敏原的阳性率更高。在使用 MAST 评估狗过敏原致敏时应谨慎。
