Department of Behavioral Health and Nutrition, University of Delaware, Newark, USA.
School of Education, University of Delaware, Newark, USA.
Disabil Rehabil. 2022 Aug;44(17):4549-4562. doi: 10.1080/09638288.2021.1910738. Epub 2021 Apr 17.
Muscular strength is critical for adults with an intellectual disability (ID) to promote their mobility, cardiovascular capacity, and performance of daily living/recreational/vocational activities. This article reports the results of the first systematic review and meta-analysis of peer-reviewed clinical trials that evaluated the effects of resistance training (RT) interventions on muscular strength in adults with ID.
The protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020184905). The review focuses on clinical trials that recorded quantitative measures of maximum muscular strength. Eleven electronic databases were searched from their earliest available record up to May 2020. After screening 1996 search records, 11 clinical trials were reviewed.
The RT interventions, while heterogeneous, had an overall significant ( ≤ 0.05) effect on muscular strength in adults with ID, ages 25-58 years. The findings were more significant and less heterogeneous for non-combined RT interventions than for interventions that combined RT exercises with aerobic or balance exercises. The TESTEX overall score was 8.3 ± 3.6.
RT interventions (particularly when not combined with other exercises) are effective in promoting muscular strength in adults with ID. The limited number of studies and the low study quality scores indicate a potential risk of bias, which limits the interpretation of the findings and warrants further investigation.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONMuscular strength is critical for adults with an intellectual disability (ID) to promote their mobility, cardiovascular capacity, and performance of daily living/recreational/vocational activities.RT interventions are an effective means of improving muscular strength in adults with ID, especially when not combined with other forms of exercise.Testing and assessment protocols used in RT programs should be individualized for adults with ID to accommodate their characteristics and should be implemented under conditions similar to those experienced during the training regimen.It is important to implement familiarization sessions before carrying out muscular strength testing or initiating an RT program to ensure safety, accuracy, and effectiveness of the program for adults with ID.
肌肉力量对于智力残疾（ID）成年人来说至关重要，可促进其活动能力、心血管能力以及日常生活/娱乐/职业活动的表现。本文报告了对评估抗阻训练（RT）干预对 ID 成年人肌肉力量影响的同行评审临床试验进行的首次系统评价和荟萃分析的结果。
该方案已在 PROSPERO（CRD42020184905）上注册。该综述侧重于记录最大肌肉力量定量测量值的临床试验。从最早可用记录到 2020 年 5 月，共对 11 个电子数据库进行了搜索。在筛选了 1996 条检索记录后，对 11 项临床试验进行了回顾。
虽然 RT 干预措施存在异质性，但对 25-58 岁 ID 成年人的肌肉力量具有总体显著（≤0.05）的效果。非综合 RT 干预措施的发现更为显著且异质性更小，而 RT 运动与有氧运动或平衡运动相结合的干预措施则不然。TESTEX 总体评分为 8.3±3.6。
RT 干预措施（尤其是当不与其他运动结合时）可有效促进 ID 成年人的肌肉力量。研究数量有限且研究质量评分较低表明存在偏倚风险，这限制了对研究结果的解释，并需要进一步调查。
肌肉力量对于智力残疾（ID）成年人来说至关重要，可促进其活动能力、心血管能力以及日常生活/娱乐/职业活动的表现。
RT 干预措施是增强 ID 成年人肌肉力量的有效手段，尤其是当不与其他形式的运动结合时。
用于 RT 方案的测试和评估方案应针对 ID 成年人进行个体化，以适应其特点，并应在与训练方案期间相似的条件下实施。
在进行肌肉力量测试或启动 RT 方案之前，进行熟悉化阶段非常重要，以确保 ID 成年人的方案安全、准确和有效。
