Hassan Sk Sarif, Aljabali Alaa A A, Panda Pritam Kumar, Ghosh Shinjini, Attrish Diksha, Choudhury Pabitra Pal, Seyran Murat, Pizzol Damiano, Adadi Parise, Abd El-Aziz Tarek Mohamed, Soares Antonio, Kandimalla Ramesh, Lundstrom Kenneth, Lal Amos, Azad Gajendra Kumar, Uversky Vladimir N, Sherchan Samendra P, Baetas-da-Cruz Wagner, Uhal Bruce D, Rezaei Nima, Chauhan Gaurav, Barh Debmalya, Redwan Elrashdy M, Dayhoff Guy W, Bazan Nicolas G, Serrano-Aroca Ángel, El-Demerdash Amr, Mishra Yogendra K, Palu Giorgio, Takayama Kazuo, Brufsky Adam M, Tambuwala Murtaza M
Department of Mathematics, Pingla Thana Mahavidyalaya, Maligram, 721140, India.
Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Yarmouk University-Faculty of Pharmacy, Irbid, 566, Jordan.
Comput Biol Med. 2021 Jun;133:104380. doi: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.104380. Epub 2021 Apr 15.
Immune evasion is one of the unique characteristics of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) attributed to its ORF8 protein. This protein modulates the adaptive host immunity through down-regulation of MHC-1 (Major Histocompatibility Complex) molecules and innate immune responses by surpassing the host's interferon-mediated antiviral response. To understand the host's immune perspective in reference to the ORF8 protein, a comprehensive study of the ORF8 protein and mutations possessed by it have been performed. Chemical and structural properties of ORF8 proteins from different hosts, such as human, bat, and pangolin, suggest that the ORF8 of SARS-CoV-2 is much closer to ORF8 of Bat RaTG13-CoV than to that of Pangolin-CoV. Eighty-seven mutations across unique variants of ORF8 in SARS-CoV-2 can be grouped into four classes based on their predicted effects (Hussain et al., 2021) [1]. Based on the geo-locations and timescale of sample collection, a possible flow of mutations was built. Furthermore, conclusive flows of amalgamation of mutations were found upon sequence similarity analyses and consideration of the amino acid conservation phylogenies. Therefore, this study seeks to highlight the uniqueness of the rapidly evolving SARS-CoV-2 through the ORF8.
免疫逃逸是严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）的独特特征之一，这归因于其ORF8蛋白。该蛋白通过下调主要组织相容性复合体1（MHC-1）分子来调节适应性宿主免疫，并通过超越宿主的干扰素介导的抗病毒反应来调节先天免疫反应。为了从宿主免疫的角度了解ORF8蛋白，对ORF8蛋白及其所具有的突变进行了全面研究。来自不同宿主（如人类、蝙蝠和穿山甲）的ORF8蛋白的化学和结构特性表明，SARS-CoV-2的ORF8与蝙蝠RaTG13-CoV的ORF8比与穿山甲冠状病毒的ORF8更接近。基于其预测效应，SARS-CoV-2中ORF8独特变体的87个突变可分为四类（侯赛因等人，2021年）[1]。根据样本采集的地理位置和时间尺度，构建了一个可能的突变流。此外，在序列相似性分析和氨基酸保守系统发育考虑的基础上，发现了突变合并的确切流程。因此，本研究旨在通过ORF8突出快速进化的SARS-CoV-2的独特性。
