Tilston E L, Pitt D, Groenhof A C
School of Biological Sciences, Washington Singer Laboratories, University of Exeter, Perry Road, Exeter, Devon, EX4 4QG, UK (also current address of A.C. Groenhof).
Current address: Department of Environmental Science, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, UK.
New Phytol. 2002 Jun;154(3):731-740. doi: 10.1046/j.1469-8137.2002.00411.x.
• Suppression of soil-borne diseases of horticultural crops by composts has been attributed to the activities of antagonistic microorganisms. The potential for abiotic disease suppression in field-grown crops was explored using glasshouse-based bio-assays for five pathogens of agricultural crops and eight formulations of recycled organic matter compost. • The effects of compost formulation and postmaturation processing were investigated by comparing disease severity on recycled organic matter composts with a commercial seedling compost. Comparisons were made within native and autoclaved series of composts. Autoclaving perturbed compost chemistry without the addition of other materials. • The severity of autoclaving-induced changes to compost chemistry were related to formulation and processing issues. Extractable carbon content, nitrate-N content and pH all contributed to the suppressive capacity of recycled organic matter composts. There may also be a biotic component to the suppression observed. • For each pathogen the influential chemical characteristics of suppressive composts were the same as those identified for soils in other studies. There is potential for the suppressive capacity of recycled organic matter composts to be improved.
• 堆肥对园艺作物土传病害的抑制作用归因于拮抗微生物的活动。利用针对五种农作物病原体和八种回收有机物质堆肥配方的温室生物测定法，探索了田间种植作物中非生物病害抑制的潜力。• 通过比较回收有机物质堆肥与商业育苗堆肥上的病害严重程度，研究了堆肥配方和后熟处理的影响。在天然和高压灭菌的堆肥系列中进行了比较。高压灭菌在不添加其他材料的情况下扰乱了堆肥化学性质。• 高压灭菌引起的堆肥化学性质变化的严重程度与配方和加工问题有关。可提取碳含量、硝态氮含量和pH值都有助于回收有机物质堆肥的抑制能力。观察到的抑制作用可能也有生物成分。• 对于每种病原体，抑制性堆肥的有影响的化学特性与其他研究中确定的土壤化学特性相同。回收有机物质堆肥的抑制能力有提高的潜力。
