Nielsen Hanne D, Brownlee Colin, Coelho Susana M, Brown Murray T
The Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, Citadel Hill, Plymouth PL1 2PB, UK.
School of Biological Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK.
New Phytol. 2003 Oct;160(1):157-165. doi: 10.1046/j.1469-8137.2003.00864.x.
• A comparative study of copper (Cu) toxicity and tolerance in three populations of Fucus serratus was conducted by examining Cu effects on various physiological parameters. • Chlorophyll fluorescence, oxygen evolution, copper content, and relative growth rate of embryos and adults were measured on Cu -exposed material. • Algae naturally exposed to elevated total Cu concentration (Cu ), were more Cu resistant than those from clean sites, as indicated by higher embryo and adult growth rates and lower copper contents. The Cu tolerance of F. serratus is at least partly inherited and relies partly on metal exclusion. • There were inhibitory effects of Cu on oxygen exchange rates in both tolerant and non-tolerant algae. By contrast to sensitive algae, the maximum efficiency of photosystem II (F /F ), maximum fluorescence (F ) and zero fluorescence (F ) of resistant algae were unaffected by Cu , whereas decreased quantum yield (ΦPSII) and increased nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) were most pronounced in resistant algae. Inhibitory effects of Cu on ΦPSII may result in the excitation energy being dissipated through xanthophyll-dependent quenching mechanisms in tolerant algae. In nontolerant algae, lower energy dissipation may result in chlorophyll degradation.
• 通过检测铜对多种生理参数的影响，对三种锯齿墨角藻种群的铜毒性和耐受性进行了比较研究。
• 对暴露于铜的材料测量了叶绿素荧光、放氧量、铜含量以及胚胎和成年藻体的相对生长率。
• 自然暴露于总铜浓度升高环境中的藻类比来自清洁地点的藻类对铜更具抗性，这表现为胚胎和成年藻体的生长率更高且铜含量更低。锯齿墨角藻的铜耐受性至少部分是可遗传的，且部分依赖于金属排斥作用。
• 铜对耐受性和非耐受性藻类的氧交换率均有抑制作用。与敏感藻类不同，抗性藻类的光系统II最大效率（Fv/Fm）、最大荧光（Fm）和零荧光（Fo）不受铜影响，而量子产量（ΦPSII）降低和非光化学猝灭（NPQ）增加在抗性藻类中最为明显。铜对ΦPSII的抑制作用可能导致激发能通过耐受性藻类中依赖叶黄素的猝灭机制耗散。在非耐受性藻类中，较低的能量耗散可能导致叶绿素降解。
