Sutinen S, Skärby L, Wallin G, Selldén G
The Finnish Forest Research Institute, Suonenjoki Research Station, SF-77600 Suonenjoki, Finland.
Swedish Environmental Research Institute (IVL), Box 47086, S-402 58 Göteborg, Sweden.
New Phytol. 1990 Jun;115(2):345-355. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.1990.tb00461.x.
One clone of spruce, Picea abies (L.) Karst., was exposed to different concentrations of ozone in open-top chambers for three seasons. The treatments were filtered air (CF), non-filtered air (NF) and non-filtered air + ozone (NF+). Changes in ultrastructure occurring in the 1985 flush of needles were followed for three years. Ultrastructural changes due to ozone first occurred in the chloroplasts. A decrease in length of the chloroplasts, an increase of the density of the stroma, an accumulation of ribosome-like granules and a decrease in the size of starch grains, were observed. The second organelle to be affected was the microbody and the last the mitochondria. At this later stage the cytoplasm had also disintegrated. Structural changes always appeared first in the outer cell layer facing the sky. The changes then gradually advanced in the tissue towards the lower part of the needle. In the NF+ treatment changes were observed at the first sampling event in November, 1 month after the end of the first exposure period. At this time the needles were about 6 months old. In the NF treatment the same changes appeared when the needles were about 14 months old. No changes were observed in the CF treatment. Changes of the same type as those observed in the mesophyll tissue were also seen in stomatal and endodermal cells. In albuminous cells a general breakdown of the organelles was observed.
一种云杉克隆体，欧洲云杉（Picea abies (L.) Karst.），在开顶式气室中连续三个季节暴露于不同浓度的臭氧环境下。处理方式包括过滤空气（CF）、未过滤空气（NF）以及未过滤空气 + 臭氧（NF+）。对1985年新长出的针叶的超微结构变化进行了为期三年的跟踪观察。臭氧导致的超微结构变化首先出现在叶绿体中。观察到叶绿体长度缩短、基质密度增加、核糖体样颗粒积累以及淀粉粒尺寸减小。第二个受到影响的细胞器是微体，最后是线粒体。在这个后期阶段，细胞质也解体了。结构变化总是首先出现在面向天空的外层细胞中。然后这些变化在组织中逐渐向针叶下部推进。在NF+处理中，在第一次暴露期结束后1个月，即11月的第一次采样时就观察到了变化。此时针叶大约6个月大。在NF处理中，当针叶大约14个月大时出现了相同的变化。在CF处理中未观察到变化。在叶肉组织中观察到的相同类型的变化在气孔和内皮层细胞中也可见。在蛋白细胞中观察到细胞器普遍解体。
