考察与对初级保健的兴趣相关的住院医师特征，并确定跨文化护理的障碍。
Examination of resident characteristics associated with interest in primary care and identification of barriers to cross-cultural care.
机构信息
Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 500 Hofstra Blvd, Hempstead, NY, 11549, USA.
Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell and Division of General Internal Medicine, Northwell Health, Hempstead, NY, USA.
出版信息
BMC Med Educ. 2021 Apr 19;21(1):218. doi: 10.1186/s12909-021-02669-w.
BACKGROUND
There is an increasing shortage of primary care physicians in the U.S. The difficult task of addressing patients' sociocultural needs is one reason residents do not pursue primary care. However, associations between residents' perceived barriers to cross-cultural care provision and career interest in primary care have not been investigated.
OBJECTIVE
We examined residents' career interest in primary care and associations with resident characteristics and their perceived barriers in providing cross-cultural care.
METHODS
We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of a resident survey from the 2018-2019 academic year. We first described residents' sociodemographic characteristics based on their career interest in primary care (Chi-square test). Our primary outcome was high career interest in primary care. We further examined associations between residents' characteristics and perceived barriers to cross-cultural care.
RESULTS
The study included 155 family medicine, pediatrics, and internal medicine residents (response rate 68.2%), with 17 expressing high career interest in primary care. There were significant differences in high career interest by race/ethnicity, as Non-White race was associated with high career interest in primary care (p < 0.01). Resident characteristics associated with identifying multiple barriers to cross-cultural care included disadvantaged background, multilingualism, and foreign-born parents (all p-values< 0.05). There were no significant associations between high career interest in primary care and barriers to cross-cultural care.
CONCLUSION
Residents from diverse racial/ethnic and socioeconomic backgrounds demonstrated higher career interest in primary care and perceived more barriers to cross-cultural care, underscoring the importance of increasing physician workforce diversity to address the primary care shortage and to improve cross-cultural care.
背景
美国初级保健医生的短缺日益严重。解决患者社会文化需求的艰巨任务是居民不选择从事初级保健的原因之一。然而，居民感知到的跨文化护理提供障碍与对初级保健的职业兴趣之间的关联尚未得到调查。
目的
我们研究了居民对初级保健的职业兴趣及其与居民特征及其提供跨文化护理的感知障碍之间的关系。
方法
我们对 2018-2019 学年的居民调查进行了横断面分析。我们首先根据他们对初级保健的职业兴趣描述了居民的社会人口统计学特征（卡方检验）。我们的主要结果是对初级保健的高度职业兴趣。我们进一步研究了居民特征与跨文化护理障碍之间的关联。
结果
该研究包括 155 名家庭医学、儿科学和内科住院医师（应答率为 68.2%），其中 17 人对初级保健表现出高度的职业兴趣。种族/族裔存在显著差异，非白人种族与对初级保健的高度职业兴趣相关（p<0.01）。与识别跨文化护理的多种障碍相关的居民特征包括不利的背景、多语言能力和外国出生的父母（所有 p 值均<0.05）。对初级保健的高度职业兴趣与跨文化护理障碍之间没有显著关联。
结论
来自不同种族/族裔和社会经济背景的居民表现出对初级保健更高的职业兴趣，并认为跨文化护理存在更多障碍，这突显了增加医生劳动力多样性的重要性，以解决初级保健短缺问题，并改善跨文化护理。
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