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携带减数分裂驱动基因的大型转座子。

The , a massive transposon carrying meiotic drive genes.

机构信息

Systematic Biology, Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden.

Laboratory of Genetics, Wageningen University, 6703 BD, Wageningen, The Netherlands.

出版信息

Genome Res. 2021 May;31(5):789-798. doi: 10.1101/gr.267609.120. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

Abstract

The genomes of eukaryotes are full of parasitic sequences known as transposable elements (TEs). Here, we report the discovery of a putative giant tyrosine-recombinase-mobilized DNA transposon, , from the model fungus Previously, we described a large genomic feature called the block which is notable due to the presence of meiotic drive genes of the gene family. The block ranges from 110 kb to 247 kb and can be present in at least four different genomic locations within , despite what is an otherwise highly conserved genome structure. We propose that the reason for its varying positions is that the block is not only capable of meiotic drive but is also capable of transposition. More precisely, the block represents a unique case where the has captured the s, thereby parasitizing a resident genomic parasite to become a genomic hyperparasite. Furthermore, we demonstrate that (without the ) is found in other fungal lineages, where it can be as large as 70 kb. Lastly, we provide experimental evidence that the block is deleterious, with detrimental effects on spore production in strains which carry it. This union of meiotic drivers and a transposon has created a selfish element of impressive size in , challenging our perception of how TEs influence genome evolution and broadening the horizons in terms of what the upper limit of transposition may be.

摘要

真核生物的基因组中充满了被称为转座元件(TEs)的寄生序列。在这里,我们报告了一种假定的巨型酪氨酸重组酶驱动的 DNA 转座子的发现, ,来自模式真菌 。此前,我们描述了一个称为 块的大型基因组特征,由于存在 基因家族的减数分裂驱动基因而引人注目。 块的范围从 110kb 到 247kb,并且尽管基因组结构非常保守,但至少可以在 中的四个不同基因组位置存在。我们提出,其位置变化的原因是 块不仅能够进行减数分裂驱动,而且还能够进行转座。更准确地说, 块代表了一个独特的情况,其中 捕获了 s,从而寄生在常驻的基因组寄生虫上成为基因组超寄生虫。此外,我们证明了 (没有 )在其他真菌谱系中发现,其大小可达 70kb。最后,我们提供了实验证据表明 块是有害的,携带它的菌株的孢子产量会受到不利影响。这种减数分裂驱动基因和转座子的结合在 中创造了一个令人印象深刻的大小的自私元件,挑战了我们对 TEs 如何影响基因组进化的看法,并拓宽了转座的上限可能是什么的视野。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4f16/8092012/a3ed46ed398e/789f01.jpg

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