Laboratório de Psiquiatria Molecular, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Departamento de Psiquiatria e Medicina Legal, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Braz J Psychiatry. 2022 Jan-Feb;44(1):74-80. doi: 10.1590/1516-4446-2020-1670.
The notion that schizophrenia is a neuroprogressive disorder is based on clinical perception of cumulative impairments over time and is supported by neuroimaging and biomarker research. Nevertheless, increasing evidence has indicated that schizophrenia first emerges as a neurodevelopmental disorder that could follow various pathways, some of them neuroprogressive. The objective of this review is to revisit basic research on cognitive processes and neuroimaging findings in a search for candidate keys to the intricate connections between neurodevelopment and neuroprogression in schizophrenia. In the complete panorama, schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder, possibly associated with an additional burden over the course of the disease through pathologically accelerated aging, and cognitive heterogeneity may explain the different trajectories of each patient.
精神分裂症是一种神经进行性疾病的观点基于临床对随时间推移而累积的损伤的感知，并且得到了神经影像学和生物标志物研究的支持。然而，越来越多的证据表明，精神分裂症最初是一种神经发育障碍，可能遵循多种途径，其中一些是神经进行性的。本综述的目的是重新审视认知过程的基础研究和神经影像学发现，以寻找精神分裂症中神经发育和神经进行之间复杂联系的候选关键因素。在完整的图景中，精神分裂症是一种神经发育障碍，可能与疾病过程中病理性加速老化有关的额外负担有关，认知异质性可能解释了每个患者的不同轨迹。
