Sun Ke-Ran, Lv Hui-Fang, Chen Bei-Bei, Nie Cai-Yun, Zhao Jing, Chen Xiao-Bing
Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China.
World J Gastrointest Oncol. 2021 Apr 15;13(4):216-222. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v13.i4.216.
Anthrax toxin receptor 1 (ANTXR1), also known as tumor endothelial marker 8, is a highly conserved cell surface protein overexpressed in tumor-infiltrating vessels. It was first found in vascular endothelial cells of human colorectal cancer. Although our understanding of its physiological function is limited, it has been found that ANTXR1 binds collagen and promotes migration of endothelial cells . ANTXR1 is upregulated in vessels of different tumor types in mice and humans, and is also expressed by tumor cells themselves in some tumors, such as gastric, lung, intestinal and breast cancer. Developmental angiogenesis and wound healing were not disturbed in ANTXR1 knockout mice, but compared with wild-type mice, growth of melanoma was impaired after ANTXR1 knockout, indicating that host-derived ANTXR1 can promote tumor growth on the basis of immune activity. Previous studies have shown that ANTXR1 vaccines or sublethal doses of anthrax toxin can inhibit angiogenesis, slow tumor growth and prolong survival. These studies suggest that ANTXR1 is necessary for tumor rather than physiological angiogenesis. It has been found that ANTXR1 plays an important role in tumor angiogenesisas well as in the growth and metastasis of many kinds of tumors. This article reviews the physiological function of ANTXR1 and its role in different kinds of cancer.
炭疽毒素受体1（ANTXR1），也被称为肿瘤内皮标志物8，是一种在肿瘤浸润血管中过度表达的高度保守的细胞表面蛋白。它最初在人类结直肠癌的血管内皮细胞中被发现。尽管我们对其生理功能的了解有限，但已发现ANTXR1能结合胶原蛋白并促进内皮细胞迁移。在小鼠和人类的不同肿瘤类型的血管中，ANTXR1表达上调，并且在一些肿瘤（如胃癌、肺癌、肠癌和乳腺癌）中肿瘤细胞自身也表达ANTXR1。在ANTXR1基因敲除小鼠中，发育性血管生成和伤口愈合未受干扰，但与野生型小鼠相比，ANTXR1基因敲除后黑色素瘤的生长受到损害，这表明宿主来源的ANTXR1在免疫活性的基础上可促进肿瘤生长。先前的研究表明，ANTXR1疫苗或亚致死剂量的炭疽毒素可抑制血管生成、减缓肿瘤生长并延长生存期。这些研究表明，ANTXR1对肿瘤血管生成而非生理性血管生成是必需的。已发现ANTXR1在肿瘤血管生成以及多种肿瘤的生长和转移中起重要作用。本文综述了ANTXR1的生理功能及其在不同类型癌症中的作用。
