Akele Richard Yomi, Abelekum Jennifer Tamuno, Oluboyo Bernard Oluwapelumi, Akinseye Janet Funmilayo, Enitan Seyi Samson, Olayanju Olusola Ayodeji, Akele Emmanuel Jide
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria.
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Nigeria.
Afr J Infect Dis. 2021 Mar 18;15(2):10-15. doi: 10.21010/ajid.v15i2.3. eCollection 2021.
Human Parvovirus () is a DNA virus, transmitted through respiratory secretions, hand-to-mouth-contact, blood transfusion and trans-placental transfer. It causes high mortality and morbidity in pregnant women, thus contributing to poor maternal and child health. B19V has been neglected due to dearth of epidemiological data. The aim of this study was to determine the sero-prevalence of Human Parvovirus B19 antibodies among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at Federal Teaching Hospital Ido-Ekiti, Nigeria.
This cross-sectional study enrolled pregnant women attending Federal Teaching Hospital Ido-Ekiti from January to May 2019 to obtain sero-epidemiological data. One hundred and twenty-two (122) consenting pregnant women were enrolled following institutional ethical approval. They were administered structured questionnaire and venous blood was collected in plain tubes for serum extraction. Sera samples were analyzed for IgG and IgM antibodies using the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay method. Percentages, median, chi-square and multivariate analysis were carried out using SPSS version 17.
The prevalence of IgG was 44.3% (54/122), IgM 41.8% (51/122), and IgG/IgM 28.7% (35/122) leaving 55.7% (68/122) of the population uninfected. The median age of participants was 22 (Interquartile range 18-25) years among which 36-45years had the highest prevalence which was not statistically significant (p=0.09 =4.75). There was association between miscarriage, still birth, history of blood transfusion and prevalence of (p<0.05).
There is a high Prevalence of B19V among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in this study. This underscores the need for testing and immunization of pregnant women against B19V.
人细小病毒B19（B19V）是一种DNA病毒，通过呼吸道分泌物、手口接触、输血和胎盘传播。它在孕妇中导致高死亡率和发病率，从而影响母婴健康。由于缺乏流行病学数据，B19V一直被忽视。本研究的目的是确定在尼日利亚伊多 - 埃基蒂联邦教学医院产前诊所就诊的孕妇中人细小病毒B19抗体的血清流行率。
本横断面研究纳入了2019年1月至5月在伊多 - 埃基蒂联邦教学医院就诊的孕妇，以获取血清流行病学数据。在获得机构伦理批准后，招募了122名同意参与的孕妇。对她们进行了结构化问卷调查，并采集静脉血于普通试管中用于血清提取。使用酶联免疫吸附测定法分析血清样本中的IgG和IgM抗体。使用SPSS 17版进行百分比、中位数、卡方检验和多变量分析。
IgG的流行率为44.3%（54/122），IgM为41.8%（51/122），IgG/IgM为28.7%（35/122），55.7%（68/122）的人群未感染。参与者的中位年龄为22岁（四分位间距18 - 25岁），其中36 - 45岁的流行率最高，但无统计学意义（p = 0.09，χ² = 4.75）。流产、死产、输血史与B19V流行率之间存在关联（p < 0.05）。
本研究中，在产前诊所就诊的孕妇中B19V流行率较高。这突出了对孕妇进行B19V检测和免疫的必要性。
