Sabahi Mohammadmahdi, Mosadegh Mehrdad, Kazemi Azin, Amini Razieh, Mahmoudvand Shahab, Hedayat Yaghoubi Mojtaba, Maleki Mohammad Masoud, Sanaei Zahra, Azizi Jalilian Farid
Department of Neurological Surgery, Pauline Braathen Neurological Center, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, FL, USA.
Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
IDCases. 2024 Aug 5;37:e02055. doi: 10.1016/j.idcr.2024.e02055. eCollection 2024.
Parvoviruses, characterized by their tropism for blood cells, can manifest as asymptomatic infections. With their ability to persist in blood, assessing the prevalence of Parvovirus B19 (B19V) and Parvovirus 4 (PARV4) among healthy blood donors is essential for evaluating the potential transmission risks through blood transfusions, emphasizing the need for comprehensive screening protocols.
Four hundred blood donors participated in the study, with their blood specimens subjected to Real-Time PCR analysis for B19V and PARV4 nucleic acids after obtaining informed consent. Additionally, Complete Blood Count (CBC) assessments and determination of anti-B19 V-IgM and anti-B19 V-IgG antibody titers were performed using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) for all collected samples.
The results reveal that 12 out of 400 individuals (3 %) exhibited positive results for B19V DNA, while 6 out of 400 individuals (1.5 %) tested positive for PARV4 DNA. Additionally, 8 out of 400 individuals (2 %) displayed positive results for anti-B19V IgM, and 306 out of 400 individuals (76.5 %) exhibited positive results for anti-B19 IgG. Notably, one donation from a donor presenting anti-IgM antibodies was subsequently confirmed as B19V DNA-positive through Real-Time PCR. In the analysis of CBC, a significant disparity in platelet levels was observed between B19V-positive donors, PARV4-positive donors, and B19V-negative donors.
The study suggests that individuals at high risk, lacking detectable B19V antibodies, should undergo systematic screening and exclusion. This precaution is intended to minimize potential contamination risks within the studied cohort, despite the undefined pathogenesis and clinical implications of PARV4.
细小病毒以其对血细胞的嗜性为特征，可表现为无症状感染。鉴于它们能够在血液中持续存在，评估健康献血者中B19细小病毒（B19V）和4型细小病毒（PARV4）的流行情况对于评估输血潜在传播风险至关重要，这凸显了全面筛查方案的必要性。
400名献血者参与了该研究，在获得知情同意后，对其血液标本进行B19V和PARV4核酸的实时聚合酶链反应分析。此外，对所有采集的样本使用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）进行全血细胞计数（CBC）评估以及抗B19V IgM和抗B19V IgG抗体滴度的测定。
结果显示，400人中12人（3%）的B19V DNA检测呈阳性，400人中6人（1.5%）的PARV4 DNA检测呈阳性。此外，400人中8人（2%）的抗B19V IgM检测呈阳性，400人中306人（76.5%）的抗B19 IgG检测呈阳性。值得注意的是，一名抗IgM抗体呈阳性的献血者的一份献血样本随后通过实时聚合酶链反应被确认为B19V DNA阳性。在CBC分析中，B19V阳性献血者、PARV4阳性献血者和B19V阴性献血者之间的血小板水平存在显著差异。
该研究表明，缺乏可检测到的B19V抗体的高危个体应接受系统筛查和排除。尽管PARV4的发病机制和临床意义尚不明确，但这一预防措施旨在将研究队列中的潜在污染风险降至最低。
