Department of Virology, Public Health England (PHE) Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9WL, UK.
Department of Virology, Public Health England (PHE) Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9WL, UK.
J Infect. 2021 Jul;83(1):84-91. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2021.04.013. Epub 2021 Apr 21.
SARS-CoV-2 emerged in South Asia in 2019 and has resulted in a global pandemic. Public Health England (PHE) Manchester rapidly escalated testing for SARS-CoV-2 in the highest COVID-19 incidence location in England. The results of the PHE Manchester SARS-CoV-2 surveillance during the first wave are presented.
Retrospective data were collected for patients fitting the PHE SARS-CoV-2 case definition from 11th February to 31st August 2020. Respiratory tract, tissue, faecal, fluid and cerebrospinal (CSF) samples were tested for SARS-CoV-2 by a semi-quantitative real-time reverse-transcription PCR.
Of the 204,083 tests for SARS-CoV-2, 18,011 were positive demonstrating a positivity of 8.90%. Highest positivity was in nasal swabs (20.99%) followed by broncheo-alveolar lavage samples (12.50%). None of the faecal, fluid or CSF samples received were positive for SARS-CoV-2.
There was a high incidence of SARS-CoV-2 patients in the North-West of England during the first UK wave of the Covid-19 pandemic. Highest positivity rate was in nasal specimens suggesting this is the optimum sample type within this dataset for detecting SARS-CoV-2. Further studies are warranted to assess the utility of testing faecal, fluid and CSF samples. Rapid escalation of testing via multiple platforms was required to ensure prompt diagnosis and isolate infected cases to reduce transmission of the virus.
2019 年，SARS-CoV-2 在南亚出现，并导致全球大流行。英国公共卫生署（PHE）曼彻斯特分部迅速提高了英格兰 COVID-19 发病率最高地区的 SARS-CoV-2 检测能力。现将 PHE 曼彻斯特 SARS-CoV-2 监测的第一波结果呈现如下。
收集 2020 年 2 月 11 日至 8 月 31 日符合 PHE SARS-CoV-2 病例定义的患者的回顾性数据。采用半定量实时逆转录 PCR 法对呼吸道、组织、粪便、液体和脑脊液（CSF）样本进行 SARS-CoV-2 检测。
在 204083 次 SARS-CoV-2 检测中，18011 次检测结果为阳性，阳性率为 8.90%。鼻拭子的阳性率最高（20.99%），其次是支气管肺泡灌洗液样本（12.50%）。未收到任何粪便、液体或 CSF 样本呈 SARS-CoV-2 阳性。
在英国第一波 COVID-19 大流行期间，英格兰西北部 SARS-CoV-2 患者的发病率很高。鼻拭子的阳性率最高，这表明在本数据集中，鼻拭子是检测 SARS-CoV-2 的最佳样本类型。需要进一步的研究来评估检测粪便、液体和 CSF 样本的效用。通过多个平台快速扩展检测能力，以确保及时诊断和隔离感染病例，从而减少病毒的传播。
