Infectious Disease Unit, Specialty Internal Medicine, King Fahd Military Medical Complex, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia.
Internal Medicine Department, King Fahd Military Medical Complex, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia.
Int J Infect Dis. 2022 May;118:104-108. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.02.048. Epub 2022 Feb 25.
The world had witnessed the occurrence of multiple waves of the SARS-CoV-2. Data comparing the clinical characteristics and outcomes of hospitalized patients in Saudi Arabia during the first and second waves are lacking. This study compares the characteristics and the outcomes of patients in these 2 waves.
This is a retrospective case series of hospitalized patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2. We compared epidemiological, demographic, laboratory, and clinical data.
The study included hospitalized patients admitted up to February 28, 2021 as the first wave and those admitted from March 1, 2021 as the second wave. There were 378 patients in the first wave and 241 patients in the second wave. Patients in the first wave were significantly younger (mean age and SD of 47.5 ± 20 vs 55.3 ± 18.2 years; p <0.001). In relation to symptoms, shortness of breath, wheezes, myalgia, tachypnea, and respiratory distress were significantly more common in the second wave than the first wave. On the other hand, sore throat was more common in the first wave than the second wave. Patients in the second wave had higher mean values of lymphocytes count, platelet counts, and ALT than those in the first wave. Patients in the first wave were more likely to receive antibiotics and antiviral therapy and had higher death rate (16.2% vs 8.4%; p = 0.001).
The study showed that patients in the second wave were younger and had a lower rate of death than the first wave.
世界已经经历了多波 SARS-CoV-2 的爆发。目前缺乏比较沙特阿拉伯住院患者在第一波和第二波期间临床特征和结局的相关数据。本研究比较了这两波患者的特征和结局。
这是一项回顾性的确诊 SARS-CoV-2 住院患者的病例系列研究。我们比较了流行病学、人口统计学、实验室和临床数据。
本研究纳入了截至 2021 年 2 月 28 日的第一波和 2021 年 3 月 1 日起的第二波住院患者。第一波有 378 例患者，第二波有 241 例患者。第一波患者明显更年轻（平均年龄和标准差分别为 47.5 ± 20 岁与 55.3 ± 18.2 岁；p <0.001）。就症状而言，第二波的呼吸困难、喘息、肌痛、呼吸急促和呼吸窘迫明显比第一波更常见。另一方面，第一波的咽痛比第二波更常见。第二波患者的淋巴细胞计数、血小板计数和 ALT 的平均水平均高于第一波。第一波患者更可能接受抗生素和抗病毒治疗，死亡率更高（16.2%比 8.4%；p = 0.001）。
本研究表明，第二波患者比第一波患者更年轻，死亡率更低。
