护士主导的基于网络的儿童及其家庭哮喘教育计划：一项随机对照试验。
A Nurse-Led Web-Based Home Asthma Education Program for Children and their Families: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
机构信息
Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, United Christian Hospital, HKSAR, China; The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, HKSAR, China.
The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, HKSAR, China.
出版信息
J Pediatr Nurs. 2021 Jul-Aug;59:158-163. doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2021.04.014. Epub 2021 Apr 21.
BACKGROUND
Education is the most essential component for effective asthma control and is endorsed by guidelines worldwide. However, multiple caregivers are often jointly involved in child care, and educating them is often a challenging task. This study determines the effectiveness of a web-based asthma education program in enhancing knowledge, attitude and practice of caregivers and reducing unscheduled hospital visits of children for asthma.
METHODS
A two-arm, randomized controlled trial was carried out between November 2018 and December 2019. Child-parent dyads were recruited when the children (4-11 years of age) were admitted due to asthma exacerbations. A nurse-led web-based home asthma education program was developed and implemented before discharge. Outcomes included parents' knowledge, attitude and practice regarding asthma and frequency of unscheduled visits and readmissions in children.
RESULTS
112 child-parent dyads were enrolled. The parents' knowledge, attitude and practice and the number of unscheduled visits of the children were found to be significantly different between two groups at different time points (Ps < 0.001) with a large effect size (Cohen's d > 0.8).
CONCLUSION
This intervention was shown to be an effective strategy to educate caregivers who are jointly involved in their child's asthma control after discharge from hospital.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
The Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, World Health Organization (ChiCTR1800019706).
背景
教育是实现有效哮喘控制的最关键因素，这一观点得到了全球指南的认可。然而，儿童的护理往往由多位照料者共同承担，对他们进行教育通常是一项具有挑战性的任务。本研究旨在确定基于网络的哮喘教育计划在提高照料者的知识、态度和实践水平以及减少儿童因哮喘而无计划就诊方面的有效性。
方法
这是一项在 2018 年 11 月至 2019 年 12 月期间进行的双臂、随机对照试验。当儿童（4-11 岁）因哮喘加重而入院时，招募了儿童和家长。在出院前，由护士主导实施了一个基于网络的家庭哮喘教育计划。结果包括父母对哮喘的知识、态度和实践以及儿童无计划就诊和再入院的频率。
结果
共纳入了 112 对儿童和家长。在不同的时间点，两组之间父母的知识、态度和实践以及儿童无计划就诊的次数存在显著差异（P<0.001），且具有较大的效应量（Cohen's d>0.8）。
结论
该干预措施被证明是一种有效的策略，可以在儿童出院后教育共同参与其哮喘控制的照料者。
试验注册
中国临床试验注册中心，世界卫生组织（ChiCTR1800019706）。
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