Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece.
National Cancer Institute (NCI), Rockville, Maryland.
Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2021 Aug;127(2):191-199.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2021.04.019. Epub 2021 Apr 23.
Evidence suggests a complex interplay between infections and allergic diseases.
To explore the association of 14 common viruses with eczema, asthma, and rhinoconjunctivitis in childhood.
We used cross-sectional (n = 686) and prospective (n = 440) data from children participating in the Rhea birth cohort. Immunoglobulin G to polyomaviruses (BK polyomavirus, JC polyomavirus, KI polyomavirus [KIPyV], WU polyomavirus [WUPyV], human polyomavirus 6, human polyomavirus 7, Trichodysplasia spinulosa polyomavirus, Merkel cell polyomavirus, human polyomavirus 9, and human polyomavirus 10) and herpesviruses (Epstein-Barr virus, Cytomegalovirus, Herpes simplex virus-1, Herpes simplex virus-2) were measured at age 4 years by fluorescent bead-based multiplex serology. Definitions of eczema, asthma, and rhinoconjunctivitis at ages 4 and 6 years were based on questionnaires. Mediation of the associations by immune biomarkers was tested.
Less likely to have eczema at age 4 years were KIPyV-seropositive (odds ratio [OR], 0.47; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.27-0.82) and human polyomavirus 6 (OR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.26-0.73) compared with their seronegative counterparts. Seropositivity to Epstein-Barr virus was negatively associated with eczema at age 4 years (OR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.22-0.67) and 6 years (OR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.25-0.99). Children with a higher burden of herpesviruses or of skin polyomaviruses had the lowest odds of eczema at age 4 years. Higher odds for asthma at age 4 years were found for WUPyV-seropositive children (OR, 3.98; 95% CI, 1.38-11.51), and for children seropositive to both respiratory polyomaviruses (KIPyV and WUPyV) (OR, 7.35; 95% CI, 1.66-32.59) compared with children seronegative to both. No associations were observed for rhinoconjunctivitis. There was no evidence of mediation by immune biomarkers.
A heterogeneous pattern of infections and allergic diseases was observed with common infections associated with a decreased eczema risk and an increased asthma risk in children.
有证据表明感染和过敏疾病之间存在复杂的相互作用。
探讨 14 种常见病毒与儿童特应性皮炎、哮喘和鼻结膜炎的关系。
我们使用了 Rhea 出生队列中参与的儿童的横断面（n=686）和前瞻性（n=440）数据。4 岁时，通过荧光珠基多重血清学检测多瘤病毒（BK 多瘤病毒、JC 多瘤病毒、KI 多瘤病毒[KIPyV]、WU 多瘤病毒[WUPyV]、人多瘤病毒 6、人多瘤病毒 7、毛发细胞多瘤病毒、默克尔细胞多瘤病毒、人多瘤病毒 9 和人多瘤病毒 10）和疱疹病毒（EB 病毒、巨细胞病毒、单纯疱疹病毒 1、单纯疱疹病毒 2）的 IgG。4 岁和 6 岁时，特应性皮炎、哮喘和鼻结膜炎的定义基于问卷调查。通过免疫生物标志物测试了关联的中介作用。
与 KIPyV 血清阴性者相比，KIPyV 血清阳性（比值比 [OR]，0.47；95%置信区间 [CI]，0.27-0.82）和人多瘤病毒 6（OR，0.44；95% CI，0.26-0.73）的儿童在 4 岁时更不易患特应性皮炎。4 岁时，EB 病毒血清阳性与特应性皮炎呈负相关（OR，0.39；95% CI，0.22-0.67），6 岁时（OR，0.50；95% CI，0.25-0.99）。疱疹病毒或皮肤多瘤病毒负担较高的儿童在 4 岁时患特应性皮炎的几率最低。4 岁时哮喘的几率较高与 WUPyV 血清阳性的儿童有关（OR，3.98；95% CI，1.38-11.51），与呼吸道多瘤病毒血清阳性的儿童有关（KIPyV 和 WUPyV）（OR，7.35；95% CI，1.66-32.59），而与两种病毒血清均阴性的儿童相比。未观察到与鼻结膜炎相关的结果。没有证据表明免疫生物标志物有介导作用。
观察到一种常见感染与特应性皮炎风险降低和儿童哮喘风险增加相关的感染和过敏疾病的异质模式。
