Zeenat Qureshi Stroke Institute, Department of Neurology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA.
Institute for Data Science and Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MissouriUSA.
Clin Infect Dis. 2022 Jan 29;74(2):294-300. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciab345.
A better understanding of reinfection after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has become one of the healthcare priorities in the current pandemic. We determined the rate of reinfection, associated factors, and mortality during follow-up in a cohort of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
We analyzed 9119 patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection who received serial tests in total of 62 healthcare facilities in the United States between 1 December 2019 and 13 November 2020. Reinfection was defined by 2 positive tests separated by interval of >90 days and resolution of first infection was confirmed by 2 or more consecutive negative tests. We performed logistic regression analysis to identify demographic and clinical characteristics associated with reinfection.
Reinfection was identified in 0.7% (n = 63, 95% confidence interval [CI]: .5%-.9%) during follow-up of 9119 patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The mean period (±standard deviation [SD]) between 2 positive tests was 116 ± 21 days. A logistic regression analysis identified that asthma (odds ratio [OR] 1.9, 95% CI: 1.1-3.2) and nicotine dependence/tobacco use (OR 2.7, 95% CI: 1.6-4.5) were associated with reinfection. There was a significantly lower rate of pneumonia, heart failure, and acute kidney injury observed with reinfection compared with primary infection among the 63 patients with reinfection There were 2 deaths (3.2%) associated with reinfection.
We identified a low rate of reinfection confirmed by laboratory tests in a large cohort of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Although reinfection appeared to be milder than primary infection, there was associated mortality.
更好地了解严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 感染后的再感染已成为当前大流行期间医疗保健的重点之一。我们确定了 SARS-CoV-2 感染患者队列在随访期间的再感染率、相关因素和死亡率。
我们分析了 2019 年 12 月 1 日至 2020 年 11 月 13 日期间美国 62 家医疗保健机构的 9119 名 SARS-CoV-2 感染患者的连续检测结果。再感染定义为间隔>90 天的 2 次阳性检测，首次感染的痊愈通过 2 次或更多连续阴性检测确认。我们进行逻辑回归分析，以确定与再感染相关的人口统计学和临床特征。
在对 9119 名 SARS-CoV-2 感染患者的随访中，有 0.7%（n=63，95%置信区间[CI]：0.5%-0.9%）确定了再感染。2 次阳性检测之间的平均时间（±标准偏差[SD]）为 116±21 天。逻辑回归分析发现，哮喘（比值比[OR]1.9，95%CI：1.1-3.2）和尼古丁依赖/烟草使用（OR 2.7，95%CI：1.6-4.5）与再感染相关。与初次感染相比，63 名再感染患者中肺炎、心力衰竭和急性肾损伤的发生率明显较低。再感染相关死亡 2 例（3.2%）。
我们在大型 SARS-CoV-2 感染患者队列中通过实验室检测确认了再感染率较低。尽管再感染似乎比初次感染更轻微，但仍与死亡相关。
