Southeast University, 2#, Sipailou Street, Nanjing City, 210096, Jiangsu Province, China.
Environ Monit Assess. 2021 Apr 25;193(5):300. doi: 10.1007/s10661-021-09047-5.
To sustain water quality in water distribution system (WDS), disinfectant generally chlorine is boosted to water distribution system. However, the concentration of chlorine should be limited to acceptable scope. The upper bound of the scope is set for preventing the occurrence of disinfectant byproduct, which is harmful to human health. The lower bound of the scope is set for controlling the growth of microorganism as well as reducing the cost. As such, the optimization model was applied to solve the water quality issue in WDS. However, in WDS, chlorine decays and varies with time and space, affected by pipe material, temperature, pH value, and chlorine injection. Therefore, in this paper, an inexact [Formula: see text] fuzzy chance-constrained programming (IMFCCP) model was proposed to optimize the chlorine injection to maintain chlorine in WDS at an acceptable level with consideration of uncertainty in water quality simulation. The results indicated that the upper bounds, the lower bounds, and intervals of the injection mass increased with preference parameter λ, which means that the results are more unreliable with higher preference parameter λ. However, the effect of reliability level ζ on the injection mass is determined by the relationship between the preference parameter λ and reliability level ζ. In case of [Formula: see text], the effect is not more significant than the case of [Formula: see text]. The results can help managers determine the injection strategy under uncertainty.
为了维持供水系统 (WDS) 的水质，通常会向供水中添加消毒剂氯。然而，氯的浓度应限制在可接受的范围内。该范围的上限设定是为了防止产生对人体健康有害的消毒剂副产物，下限设定是为了控制微生物的生长并降低成本。因此，优化模型被应用于解决 WDS 中的水质问题。然而，在 WDS 中，氯会随时间和空间而衰减和变化，受到管道材料、温度、pH 值和氯注入量的影响。因此，本文提出了一种不精确 [Formula: see text] 模糊机会约束规划 (IMFCCP) 模型，以优化氯的注入量，在考虑水质模拟不确定性的情况下，将 WDS 中的氯维持在可接受的水平。结果表明，随着偏好参数 λ 的增加，注入质量的上限、下限和区间都增加了，这意味着随着偏好参数 λ 的增加，结果的可靠性越低。然而，可靠性水平 ζ 对注入质量的影响取决于偏好参数 λ 和可靠性水平 ζ 之间的关系。在 [Formula: see text] 的情况下，其效果并不比 [Formula: see text] 的情况更显著。这些结果可以帮助管理人员在不确定的情况下确定注入策略。
