J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2021;34(4):677-687. doi: 10.3233/BMR-200160.
Hyperkyphosis (HKP) and forward head posture (FHP) occur due to prolonged poor postures and repetitive activities.
The present study aimed to compare the effects of the National Academy of Sports Medicine (NASM) and Sahrmann corrective exercises on HKP and FHP correction.
This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 30 subjects with HKP and FHP, who were randomly assigned to the NASM (n= 15) and Sahrmann groups (n= 15). The ImageJ software and a spinal mouse device were used to measure FHP and HKP deformities, and neck and shoulder muscle strength, range of motion (ROM), and pulmonary function were assessed as the secondary outcomes before and after the eight-week intervention.
FHP improved more significantly in the Sahrmann group compared to the NASM group (P< 0.05), while no significant difference was observed between the groups in HKP (P> 0.05). The improvement in the neck and shoulder muscle strength was more significant in the Sahrmann group compared to the NASM (P< 0.05), except for the neck flexors. In addition, the neck extension ROM enhanced more significantly in the Sahrmann group compared to the NASM group (P< 0.05).
According to the results, the Sahrmann corrective exercises that focused on the correction of imbalanced muscle stiffness had more significant effects on the correction of FHP, neck and shoulder muscle strength and neck extension ROM.
长时间不良姿势和重复性活动会导致脊柱后凸（HKP）和前伸头位（FHP）。
本研究旨在比较国家运动医学学院（NASM）和 Sahrmann 矫正运动对 HKP 和 FHP 矫正的影响。
这项准实验研究纳入了 30 名 HKP 和 FHP 患者，将他们随机分为 NASM 组（n=15）和 Sahrmann 组（n=15）。使用 ImageJ 软件和脊柱鼠标设备来测量 FHP 和 HKP 畸形，评估颈肩肌肉力量、运动范围（ROM）和肺功能，作为干预前和 8 周后次要结局。
Sahrmann 组 FHP 改善较 NASM 组更显著（P<0.05），而两组 HKP 无显著差异（P>0.05）。Sahrmann 组颈肩肌肉力量改善较 NASM 组更显著（P<0.05），除颈屈肌外。此外，Sahrmann 组颈伸 ROM 改善较 NASM 组更显著（P<0.05）。
根据结果，Sahrmann 矫正运动侧重于矫正不平衡的肌肉僵硬，对 FHP、颈肩肌肉力量和颈伸 ROM 的矫正效果更显著。
