Rezaei Hossein, Gheitasi Mahdi, Hosseini Seyed Mohammad
Department of Sport Rehabilitation and Health, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health, Shahid Beheshti University, Dr. Shahriari Square, Yemen Street, Velenjak, Tehran, 1983969411, Iran.
BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2025 Jul 10;17(1):193. doi: 10.1186/s13102-025-01200-8.
This study sought to evaluate the effect of corrective exercises on forward head angle, forward shoulder angle, thoracic kyphosis degree, range of motion, and shoulder pain in elite front crawl swimmers presenting with upper crossed syndrome.
In this quasi-experimental study, 30 professional male swimmers aged 20 to 40 years (mean ± SD age: intervention group = 28.85 ± 6.49, control group = 27.66 ± 6.19) were randomly assigned to experimental ( = 15) and control ( = 15) groups. The experimental group underwent an eight-week corrective exercise program alongside their regular training. Assessment measures included photogrammetric analysis for forward head and shoulder posture angles, flexible ruler for thoracic kyphosis quantification, visual analog scale for pain evaluation, handheld chronometry for record assessment, and goniometer goniometric measurement for range of motion evaluation. After confirming normal data distribution using the Shapiro-Wilk test, Mixed ANOVA was used to assess the effects of the intervention at a significance level of 0.05.
The analysis revealed significant improvements in forward head posture ( <.001), rounded shoulders ( <.001), thoracic kyphosis ( <.001), shoulder range of motion ( <.001), and pain levels ( <.001) in the intervention group. However, no significant differences were found in performance measures such as swim record ( >.386) and stroke rate ( >.630).
Corrective exercises were effective in improving postural alignment, range of motion, and shoulder pain symptomatology, but did not significantly affect swimming performance. These findings suggest such exercises are more effective for addressing postural and clinical concerns. Further research using longer or varied protocols is recommended to explore potential performance outcomes.
Clinical trial code: IRCT20240306061185N1, registered at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials on 08/03/2024.
本研究旨在评估矫正训练对患有上交叉综合征的优秀自由泳运动员的头部前倾角度、肩部前伸角度、胸椎后凸程度、活动范围和肩部疼痛的影响。
在这项准实验研究中，30名年龄在20至40岁之间的职业男性游泳运动员（平均年龄±标准差：干预组=28.85±6.49，对照组=27.66±6.19）被随机分为实验组（n=15）和对照组（n=15）。实验组在常规训练的同时进行为期八周的矫正训练计划。评估指标包括用于测量头部和肩部姿势角度的摄影测量分析、用于量化胸椎后凸的软尺、用于疼痛评估的视觉模拟量表、用于记录评估的手持计时仪以及用于活动范围评估的角度计测量。在使用夏皮罗-威尔克检验确认数据分布正常后，采用混合方差分析在0.05的显著性水平下评估干预效果。
分析显示，干预组在头部前倾姿势（p<.001）、圆肩（p<.001）、胸椎后凸（p<.001）、肩部活动范围（p<.001）和疼痛程度（p<.001）方面有显著改善。然而，在游泳记录（p>.386）和划水频率（p>.630）等表现指标上未发现显著差异。
矫正训练在改善姿势排列、活动范围和肩部疼痛症状方面有效，但对游泳表现没有显著影响。这些发现表明，此类训练在解决姿势和临床问题方面更有效。建议使用更长或不同方案进行进一步研究，以探索潜在的表现结果。
临床试验代码：IRCT20240306061185N1，于2024年3月8日在伊朗临床试验注册中心注册。
