Ismail Amal A, Alghasham Nada S, Alsukhaiber Rawan E, Alnowiasser Fatimah M
Department of Pharmacy Practice, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah, KSA.
J Taibah Univ Med Sci. 2020 Nov 30;16(2):191-197. doi: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2020.10.020. eCollection 2021 Apr.
The screening of dementia among geriatrics is necessary to identify probable cases, confirm diagnosis, institute treatment, and plan for future family caregiving strategies. This study aimed to screen the incidence of dementia among geriatric patients using the informant-based Alzheimer's disease eight-item tool for dementia (AD8) in a KSA region.
A cross-sectional study was conducted among geriatric patients in the KSA region at selected hospitals from December 2019 to March 2020. The caregivers of 100 geriatric patients were interviewed using the AD8.
Among the 100 patients, 43% were 65-75 years old, 52% were men, and 48% were women, mean age was (78) for both genders. Diabetes mellitus was the most reported chronic illness, found in 68% of the patients, followed by a history of cerebrovascular disease (52%). Loss of more than four but less than half of the teeth was reported in 41% of the patients, while 10% were reported to be undergoing polypharmacy. Dementia was diagnosed in 74% of patients and had a statistically significant association with a history of stroke ( < 0.001), number of teeth lost ( = 0.02), and number of drugs administered ( = 0.006). A binary logistic regression model fitted to predict dementia based on the effect of a stroke history, number of missing teeth, and number of drugs administered showed that patients with stroke were 1.43 (95% CI 1.4-4.2) times likely to develop dementia than those with no history of stroke.
Cases of dementia are frequent among geriatric patients in the Qassim region of KSA. A dementia positive screening is correlated with a history of stroke, number of lost teeth, polypharmacy, and age. Stroke prevention and early treatment can potentially reduce the likelihood of dementia occurrence.
在老年人群中筛查痴呆症对于识别可能的病例、确诊、开展治疗以及规划未来的家庭护理策略至关重要。本研究旨在使用基于 informant 的阿尔茨海默病痴呆八项工具（AD8）在沙特阿拉伯一个地区筛查老年患者中痴呆症的发病率。
2019 年 12 月至 2020 年 3 月在沙特阿拉伯该地区选定医院的老年患者中开展了一项横断面研究。使用 AD8 对 100 名老年患者的照料者进行了访谈。
在这 100 名患者中，43%为 65 - 75 岁，52%为男性，48%为女性，两性的平均年龄为（78 岁）。糖尿病是报告最多的慢性病，68%的患者患有糖尿病，其次是脑血管疾病史（52%）。41%的患者报告牙齿缺失超过四颗但少于一半，而 10%的患者报告正在接受多种药物治疗。74%的患者被诊断为痴呆症，且与中风史（<0.001）、牙齿缺失数量（=0.02）和用药数量（=0.006）存在统计学显著关联。基于中风史、缺失牙齿数量和用药数量的影响建立的用于预测痴呆症的二元逻辑回归模型显示，有中风史的患者患痴呆症的可能性是无中风史患者的 1.43（95%置信区间 1.4 - 4.2）倍。
沙特阿拉伯卡西姆地区的老年患者中痴呆症病例很常见。痴呆症阳性筛查与中风史、牙齿缺失数量、多种药物治疗和年龄相关。预防中风和早期治疗可能会降低痴呆症发生的可能性。
