Degutyte Ziedune, Astell Arlene
Samsung AI Center, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Front Psychol. 2021 Apr 7;12:616471. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.616471. eCollection 2021.
Eye gaze plays an important role in communication but understanding of its actual function or functions and the methods used to elucidate this have varied considerably. This systematized review was undertaken to summarize both the proposed functions of eye gaze in conversations of healthy adults and the methodological approaches employed. The eligibility criteria were restricted to a healthy adult population and excluded studies that manipulated eye gaze behavior. A total of 29 articles-quantitative, qualitative and mixed methods were returned, with a wide range of methodological designs. The main areas of variability related to number of conversants, their familiarity and status, conversation topic, data collection tools-video and eye tracking-and definitions of eye gaze. The findings confirm that eye gaze facilitates turn yielding, plays a role in speech monitoring, prevents and repairs conversation breakdowns and facilitates intentional and unintentional speech interruptions. These findings were remarkably consistent given the variability in methods across the 29 articles. However, in relation to turn initiation, the results were less consistent, requiring further investigation. This review provides a starting point for future studies to make informed decisions about study methods for examining eye gaze and selecting variables of interest.
目光注视在交流中起着重要作用，但对于其实际功能以及用于阐明这些功能的方法的理解却大不相同。本系统综述旨在总结健康成年人对话中目光注视的假定功能以及所采用的方法学途径。纳入标准仅限于健康成年人群体，排除了操纵目光注视行为的研究。共检索到29篇文章——包括定量研究、定性研究和混合方法研究，方法学设计广泛。主要的变异领域涉及交谈者数量、他们的熟悉程度和地位、对话主题、数据收集工具——视频和眼动追踪——以及目光注视的定义。研究结果证实，目光注视有助于轮流发言，在言语监测中发挥作用，预防和修复对话中断，并促进有意和无意的言语打断。鉴于29篇文章在方法上的差异，这些发现非常一致。然而，关于轮流开始，结果不太一致，需要进一步研究。本综述为未来研究在选择研究目光注视的方法和感兴趣的变量时做出明智决策提供了一个起点。
