Division of Physical Chemistry, Ruder Bošković Institute (RBI), Zagreb, Croatia.
Core Facilities, Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), Roma, Italy.
Front Public Health. 2021 Apr 9;9:661376. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.661376. eCollection 2021.
When a radiological and nuclear (R/N) emergency occurs, the categorization of individuals into those who are unaffected and those requiring medical intervention is a high priority. At times, a professional dosimeter is not available and therefore some common belongings may be used as fortuitous dosimeters. The preparation of these objects for the measurement should be such as to give the most accurate and precise results. This paper focused on the Photo-Stimulated Luminescence (PSL) response of salty crackers confronts the problem of sample preparation (mass, grain size), dose response and signal stability. The dose response was determined for doses up to 5 Gy, which allowed the calculation of the limit of detection. Additionally, the signal stability was investigated for samples irradiated with 0.3 and 3 Gy. The observed decrease of the signal does not prevent the detection in the dose range typical for R/N emergency. The main dosimetric characteristics were investigated by using two different models of PSL readers equipped with single (infrared) or double (infrared, blue light) stimulation. The results indicated that the limit of detection can be improved by applying blue light stimulation. Moreover, strong correlation of the measurements performed in the two different instruments, as well as the rapidity of the analysis and the simplicity of the operations, suggest that this method can be suitable for a rapid radiation triage of a large number of civilians in a mass casualty event. The study was simultaneously conducted by two laboratories (Ruder Bošković Institute, RBI, Croatia and Istituto Superiore di Sanità, ISS, Italy) involved in the project (grant No. G5684) supported by NATO Science for Peace and Security Programme.
当发生放射和核（R/N）紧急情况时，将人员分为未受影响和需要医疗干预的人员是当务之急。有时，没有专业的剂量计可用，因此可以使用一些常见的物品作为偶然剂量计。这些物品的测量准备工作应尽可能准确和精确。本文重点研究了咸饼干的光激励发光（PSL）响应，该响应面临样品制备（质量、粒度）、剂量响应和信号稳定性的问题。确定了高达 5 Gy 的剂量响应，从而可以计算出检测限。此外，还研究了 0.3 和 3 Gy 辐照样品的信号稳定性。观察到信号的减少不会阻止在 R/N 紧急情况下典型的剂量范围内进行检测。使用配备单（红外）或双（红外、蓝光）刺激的两种不同型号的 PSL 读取器研究了主要的剂量学特性。结果表明，通过应用蓝光刺激可以提高检测限。此外，两种不同仪器的测量结果具有很强的相关性，以及分析的快速性和操作的简单性，表明该方法可适用于在大规模伤亡事件中对大量平民进行快速辐射分类。该研究由两个实验室（克罗地亚的 Ruder Bošković 研究所（RBI）和意大利的高等卫生研究院（ISS））同时进行，涉及一个由北约科学促进和平与安全计划（资助号 G5684）支持的项目。
