Rodriguez-Arciniega Tania Guadalupe, Sierra-Diaz Erick, Flores-Martinez Jesus Armando, Alvizo-Perez Maria Elena, Lopez-Leal Irlanda Nataly, Corona-Nakamura Ana Luisa, Castellanos-Garcia Hermes Ernesto, Bravo-Cuellar Alejandro
Department of Internal Medicine, Western National Medical Center (IMSS), Guadalajara, Mexico.
Department of Public Health, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2021 Apr 9;8:662358. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2021.662358. eCollection 2021.
Spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SPM) is an uncommon condition in COVID-19 patients. No information about outcome or risk factors is available at the time. The aim of this research is to report on the frequency and risk factors of spontaneous pneumomediastinum in COVID-19 patients. An unmatched case-control study was carried out in a tertiary health-care facility for patients with COVID-19. Electronic files were reviewed to identify patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection by RT-PCR. Univariate analysis was used to describe demographic data. Mean differences were calculated using the Mann-Whitney test. Frequency and odds ratios were calculated by standard operations. A total of 271 patients were included in the study. Nine patients showed spontaneous pneumomediastinum and four of them presented associated spontaneous pneumothorax. The most common risk factors associated with poor outcomes in COVID-19 patients were not considered as risk factors for spontaneous pneumomediastinum development. Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is an uncommon clinical feature in COVID-19 patients. More research is necessary to formulate statements regarding prevalence, risk factors, and outcome.
自发性纵隔气肿（SPM）在新冠肺炎患者中是一种罕见病症。目前尚无关于其预后或危险因素的信息。本研究的目的是报告新冠肺炎患者中自发性纵隔气肿的发生率及危险因素。在一家三级医疗保健机构对新冠肺炎患者开展了一项非匹配病例对照研究。查阅电子病历以确定经逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）确诊为新冠肺炎感染的患者。采用单因素分析描述人口统计学数据。使用曼-惠特尼检验计算均值差异。通过标准运算计算发生率和比值比。本研究共纳入271例患者。9例患者出现自发性纵隔气肿，其中4例伴有自发性气胸。新冠肺炎患者中与不良预后相关的最常见危险因素未被视为自发性纵隔气肿发生的危险因素。自发性纵隔气肿是新冠肺炎患者中一种罕见的临床特征。需要开展更多研究以阐述其患病率、危险因素及预后情况。
