Department of Geological Engineering, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey.
Remote Sensing Center, Suleyman Demirel University, 32260, Isparta, Turkey.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Sep;28(35):47991-48010. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-14106-y. Epub 2021 Apr 26.
Akşehir district is one of the regions where significant agricultural production and industrial activities are carried out. Groundwater is the most important water resource in this region used for different purposes, especially for drinking and irrigation water. In order to ensure sustainable water management in the study area, it is necessary to reveal the drinking and irrigation water quality of groundwater and to take precautions and determine the management plans. In the present study, groundwater quality was evaluated using water quality index methods (WQI and IWQI) and statistical analyses to determine the sustainable and most appropriate usage of groundwater. In addition, spatial distribution maps were prepared using GIS for drinking and irrigation WQI assessments of the groundwater. A total of 31 groundwater samples were collected from wells in October 2018 and physicochemical analysis results were evaluated. According to the results obtained with the WQI method, all groundwater samples in the study area are definitely not suitable for use as drinking water. According to the results obtained by the IWQI method, samples S23, S24, S25, S27, S28, S29, and S31 especially are not suitable for use as irrigation water. Statistical evaluations support the results obtained from WQI and IWQI methods. Also, factor analysis indicates that anthropogenic pollution, especially agricultural applications, is effective on the chemical and quality characteristics of groundwater samples in addition to the geological properties. As seen in the spatial distribution maps for WQI and IWQI results, while the quality of groundwaters around Doğruözü and Erdoğdu is not suitable for drinking water, the groundwater quality in the north-east of the study area is also unusable for irrigation water. Consequently, the use of groundwater in the region as drinking water can be dangerous for human health and alternative drinking water resources should be investigated. In addition, in order to ensure the sustainable use of groundwater, it is necessary to control agricultural activities in the region, to monitor the use of pesticides and fertilizers, and to encourage organic farming practices in the region.
阿克谢希尔地区是进行重要农业生产和工业活动的地区之一。地下水是该地区最重要的水资源，用于各种用途，特别是饮用水和灌溉用水。为了确保研究区域的可持续水资源管理，有必要揭示地下水的饮用水和灌溉水质，并采取预防措施和确定管理计划。在本研究中，使用水质指数方法（WQI 和 IWQI）和统计分析来评估地下水水质，以确定地下水的可持续和最合适的用途。此外，使用 GIS 为地下水的饮用水和灌溉 WQI 评估准备了空间分布地图。总共从 2018 年 10 月的水井中采集了 31 个地下水样本，并对理化分析结果进行了评估。根据 WQI 方法获得的结果，研究区域内的所有地下水样本都绝对不适合作为饮用水使用。根据 IWQI 方法获得的结果，样本 S23、S24、S25、S27、S28、S29 和 S31 特别不适合作为灌溉用水。统计评估支持 WQI 和 IWQI 方法获得的结果。此外，因子分析表明，除了地质特性外，人为污染，特别是农业应用，对地下水样本的化学和质量特征有影响。从 WQI 和 IWQI 结果的空间分布地图可以看出，虽然 Doğruözü 和 Erdoğdu 周围的地下水不适合作为饮用水，但研究区域东北部的地下水也不适合作为灌溉用水。因此，该地区地下水的使用可能对人类健康构成危险，应调查替代饮用水资源。此外，为了确保地下水的可持续利用，有必要控制该地区的农业活动，监测农药和化肥的使用，并鼓励该地区采用有机农业实践。
