CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Lucknow, India.
CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), Kolkata, India.
J Cell Physiol. 2021 Nov;236(11):7801-7813. doi: 10.1002/jcp.30393. Epub 2021 Apr 26.
Signaling pathways that regulate homeostasis and regeneration are found to be deregulated in various human malignancies. Accordingly, attempts have been made to target them at the protein level with little success. However, studies using high-throughput sequencing technologies suggest that only about 2% of the genome translates into proteins, whereas about 75% of the genome is transcribed into noncoding RNAs. Among noncoding RNAs, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have received tremendous attention in recent years as a crucial player in the regulation of almost all cellular processes involved in tissue homeostasis as well as in the development of various malignancies, including intestinal cancer. Emerging evidence suggests that lncRNAs play an instrumental role in the regulation of intestinal stem cells, injury-induced regeneration, and initiation and progression of intestinal tumors. Here, we summarize the recently discovered lncRNAs during intestinal homeostasis, regeneration, and tumorigenesis. We further present lncRNAs as diagnostic and therapeutic markers in intestinal pathologies.
调控体内平衡和再生的信号通路在各种人类恶性肿瘤中被发现失调。因此，人们试图在蛋白质水平上靶向这些信号通路，但收效甚微。然而，使用高通量测序技术的研究表明，只有大约 2%的基因组翻译成蛋白质，而大约 75%的基因组转录成非编码 RNA。在非编码 RNA 中，长非编码 RNA（lncRNA）近年来受到了极大的关注，因为它们是调节组织内稳态以及各种恶性肿瘤（包括肠道癌）中涉及的几乎所有细胞过程的关键因素。新出现的证据表明，lncRNA 在调节肠道干细胞、损伤诱导的再生以及肠道肿瘤的发生和进展中发挥着重要作用。在这里，我们总结了在肠道内稳态、再生和肿瘤发生过程中最近发现的 lncRNA。我们进一步提出 lncRNA 作为肠道疾病的诊断和治疗标志物。
