School of Society, Politics, and Ethics, University College Cork, CorkT12 AW89, Ireland.
School of Economics, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch7701, South
Behav Brain Sci. 2021 Apr 26;44:e52. doi: 10.1017/S0140525X20000837.
Ainslie insightfully refines the concept of willpower by emphasizing low-effort applications of resolve. However, he gives undue weight to intertemporal discounting as the problem that willpower is needed to overcome. Nonhumans typically don't encounter choices that differ only in the time of consumption. Humans learn to transform uncertainty into problems they can solve using culturally evolved mechanisms for quantifying risk.
安斯利通过强调意志力的低努力应用，巧妙地完善了意志力的概念。然而，他过分强调了跨期折扣，认为这是意志力需要克服的问题。非人类通常不会遇到仅在消费时间上有所不同的选择。人类学会了通过使用文化进化的风险量化机制，将不确定性转化为他们可以解决的问题。
