Vuchinich R E, Simpson C A
Department of Psychology, Auburn University, Alabama 36849, USA.
Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 1998 Aug;6(3):292-305. doi: 10.1037//1064-1297.6.3.292.
Two studies compared participants, distinguished by their typical alcohol consumption, on the degree to which they discounted the value of delayed, hypothetical amounts of money. Heavy social drinkers in Study 1 and problem drinkers in Study 2 both showed greater temporal discounting than light social drinkers; this difference was stronger in Study 2. Both studies found that a hyperbolic function described temporal discounting more accurately than an exponential function. These results are consistent with extending behavioral theories of intertemporal choice to characterize the determinants of alcohol consumption. The discounting differences also are consistent with more general behavioral economic and economic theories of addiction, although the hyperbolic functional form is inconsistent with the exponential discounting function in economic theory. The drinker groups also differed on impulsiveness and time orientation questionnaires, with light drinkers being less impulsive and more future oriented; however, these measures were not strongly correlated with the measure of temporal discounting.
两项研究对参与者进行了比较，这些参与者根据其典型饮酒量进行区分，比较的内容是他们对延迟的假设金额的价值进行折扣的程度。研究1中的重度社交饮酒者和研究2中的问题饮酒者，与轻度社交饮酒者相比，都表现出更大程度的时间折扣；这种差异在研究2中更为明显。两项研究均发现，双曲线函数比指数函数更准确地描述了时间折扣。这些结果与将跨期选择的行为理论扩展以描述酒精消费的决定因素是一致的。折扣差异也与更一般的成瘾行为经济理论和经济理论一致，尽管双曲线函数形式与经济理论中的指数折扣函数不一致。饮酒者群体在冲动性和时间取向问卷上也存在差异，轻度饮酒者的冲动性较小，更着眼于未来；然而，这些测量结果与时间折扣测量结果的相关性并不强。
