Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, A-1010Vienna,
Department of Sports Science, University of Konstanz, D-78457Konstanz,
Behav Brain Sci. 2021 Apr 26;44:e33. doi: 10.1017/S0140525X20001053.
The continuous revaluation of rewards lies at the core of Ainslie's account of willpower. Yet, he does not explicate the underlying experiential mechanisms. We draw upon theoretical, neuroscientific, and computational evidence to demonstrate that boredom evokes revaluation. By biasing behavior toward exploration, boredom necessitates effortful willpower to balance it against exploitation, thereby rendering suppression a highly adaptive function of willpower.
连续的奖励再评估是安斯利意志力理论的核心。然而，他没有详细说明潜在的体验机制。我们利用理论、神经科学和计算证据表明，无聊会引起再评估。通过使行为偏向探索，无聊需要付出努力的意志力来平衡它与利用，从而使抑制成为意志力的一种高度适应性功能。
