Tater Priyanka, Pandey Sanjay
Department of Neurology, Govind Ballabh Pant Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, New Delhi, India.
Neurol India. 2021 Mar-Apr;69(2):272-283. doi: 10.4103/0028-3886.314574.
Involuntary movements develop after 1-4% of strokes and they have been reported in patients with ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes affecting the basal ganglia, thalamus, and/or their connections. Hemichorea-hemiballism is the most common movement disorder following a stroke in adults while dystonia is most common in children. Tremor, myoclonus, asterixis, stereotypies, and vascular parkinsonism are other movement disorders seen following stroke. Some of them occur immediately after acute stroke, some can develop later, and others may have delayed onset progressive course. Proposed pathophysiological mechanisms include neuronal plasticity, functional diaschisis, and age-related differences in brain metabolism. There are no guidelines regarding the management of post-stroke movement disorders, mainly because of their heterogeneity.
1% - 4%的中风患者会出现不自主运动，缺血性和出血性中风累及基底神经节、丘脑及/或其连接部位的患者中均有相关报道。偏侧舞蹈症 - 偏侧投掷症是成人中风后最常见的运动障碍，而肌张力障碍在儿童中最为常见。震颤、肌阵挛、扑翼样震颤、刻板动作和血管性帕金森综合征是中风后出现的其他运动障碍。其中一些在急性中风后立即出现，一些在后期发展，还有一些可能有延迟发作的进行性病程。提出的病理生理机制包括神经元可塑性、功能性失联络和脑代谢的年龄相关差异。由于中风后运动障碍的异质性，目前尚无关于其管理的指南。
