Reiner Katrin, Fehr Thomas, Wick Jürg
Innere Medizin, Kantonsspital Graubünden, Chur.
Rheumatologie, Kantonsspital Graubünden, Chur.
Praxis (Bern 1994). 2021 Apr;110(6):285-292. doi: 10.1024/1661-8157/a003667.
Giant Cell Arteritis Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is the most common vasculitis among patients over the age of 50. Mainly large vessels are targeted. GCA can be differentiated into cranial and extra-cranial types; thus the symptoms can range from headache, blurred vision and jaw claudication to non-specific symptoms like fatigue, polymyalgia and fever. Complications such as an irreversible loss of vision are critical, which is why timeous diagnosis and treatment are essential. There are some recommendations for treatment, but no defined guidelines exist. Steroids have been the standard treatment for the past six decades and remain so, but side effects are common. Tocilizumab represents an alternative and more effective and safer treatment.
巨细胞动脉炎 巨细胞动脉炎（GCA）是50岁以上患者中最常见的血管炎。主要累及大血管。GCA可分为颅型和颅外型；因此症状范围可从头痛、视力模糊和颌部间歇性运动障碍到疲劳、多发性肌痛和发热等非特异性症状。诸如视力不可逆丧失等并发症很严重，这就是及时诊断和治疗至关重要的原因。有一些治疗建议，但尚无明确的指南。在过去六十年中，类固醇一直是标准治疗方法且至今仍是，但副作用很常见。托珠单抗是一种替代治疗方法，更有效且更安全。
