Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Reproduction Centre, Women's Clinic, Uppsala University Hospital, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden.
Sci Rep. 2021 Apr 27;11(1):9039. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-88575-z.
Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP) is a common condition reported however inconclusively among pregnancies after assisted conception. The study objective was thus to explore whether NVP is associated to mode of conception or other in vitro fertilization (IVF)-related variables. This nested matched cohort study, originating from the BASIC-project, was conducted at the Uppsala University Hospital in Sweden between 2010 and 2016. IVF pregnancies (n = 210) and age and parity-matched women with spontaneous pregnancies (n = 420) comprised the study sample. The study outcome was self-reported NVP at gestational week 17. IVF treatment and pregnancy data were obtained after scrutinization of the medical records. NVP with or without medications was not associated with mode of conception (chi-square test, p = 0.889), even after adjusting for potential confounders. In a subgroup analysis among IVF pregnancies, NVP without medication was more frequently seen in the group who received cleavage stage embryos vs blastocysts (chi-square test, p = 0.019), exhibiting a marginally significant but strongly increased effect even after adjustment [crude RRR 3.82 (95% CI 1.23-11.92) and adjusted RRR 3.42 (95% CI 0.96-12.11)]. No difference in the rate of NVP with or without medication between women that underwent fresh and frozen/thawed embryo transfers as well as IVF or ICSI was observed. Conception through IVF is not associated with NVP. Transfer of a blastocyst may decrease the risk of developing NVP and further, large-scale prospective studies are required to validate this finding.
妊娠恶心呕吐（NVP）是一种常见的病症，但在辅助受孕后的妊娠中报道结果并不明确。因此，本研究旨在探讨 NVP 是否与受孕方式或其他体外受精（IVF）相关变量有关。本嵌套匹配队列研究源自 BASIC 项目，于 2010 年至 2016 年在瑞典乌普萨拉大学医院进行。该研究样本包括 IVF 妊娠（n=210）和年龄及孕次匹配的自然妊娠妇女（n=420）。研究结局为妊娠 17 周时的自我报告 NVP。通过仔细查阅病历获得 IVF 治疗和妊娠数据。无论是否使用药物，NVP 均与受孕方式无关（卡方检验，p=0.889），即使在调整潜在混杂因素后也是如此。在 IVF 妊娠的亚组分析中，与接受囊胚相比，未用药的 NVP 在接受卵裂期胚胎的组中更为常见（卡方检验，p=0.019），即使在调整后也表现出显著但适度增加的效应[粗相对危险比（RRR）3.82（95%置信区间 1.23-11.92）和调整后 RRR 3.42（95%置信区间 0.96-12.11）]。未观察到新鲜胚胎和冷冻/解冻胚胎移植、IVF 或 ICSI 之间用药和未用药 NVP 的发生率有差异。IVF 受孕与 NVP 无关。移植囊胚可能会降低发生 NVP 的风险，需要进行更大规模的前瞻性研究来验证这一发现。
