Gebremedhin Endrias Zewdu, Hirpa Gadisa, Borana Bizunesh Mideksa, Sarba Edilu Jorga, Marami Lencho Megersa, Kelbesa Kebede Abdisa, Tadese Nega Desalegn, Ambecha Hirut Abebe
Department of Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia.
Department of Biology, Ambo Preparatory School, Ambo, Ethiopia.
Infect Drug Resist. 2021 Apr 19;14:1493-1504. doi: 10.2147/IDR.S304871. eCollection 2021.
Listeriosis is one of the globally distributed foodborne diseases with the highest fatality rate. The objectives of this study were to isolate and identify species, assess factors for contamination of beef, and antibiogram of in Ambo and Holeta towns, Central Ethiopia.
A total of 450 meat samples were collected from abattoirs (n=150), butchers (n=150), and restaurants (n=150) for isolation and identification of species. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between the occurrence of species in meat and potential risk factors. The antimicrobial susceptibility test was done using the Kirby Bauer test.
The overall occurrence of species in Ambo and Holeta towns was 28.4% (128/450; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 24.3-32.9%). The isolation rate of was 4.4%, 2.2%, 1.8%, 3.8%, 6.2%, and 10.2%. The probability of contamination of meat in butchers and restaurants was higher in Holeta than Ambo [OR=3.4; 95%; p=0.001], in dry than wet season [OR=5.2; p=0.009], and where the hygiene of cutting boards was poor (OR=7.7; p=0.008). Of the 20 isolates, 80%, 70%, 60%, and 55% were resistant to oxacillin, amikacin, and nalidixic acid, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline, respectively. The isolates were 95%, 90%, and 85% susceptible to amoxicillin, vancomycin, and clindamycin, respectively. About 95% of isolates were multidrug-resistant. One isolate (5%) had developed resistance to 10 classes of antimicrobial drugs.
species are widespread and study towns, season, and hygiene of cutting boards are independent predictors of isolation of species. Multidrug resistance among was very high. Therefore, adequate cooking of meat, regular training of beef handlers, prudent use of drugs, and further molecular studies on species are important.
李斯特菌病是全球分布且致死率最高的食源性疾病之一。本研究的目的是在埃塞俄比亚中部的安博和霍莱塔镇分离和鉴定菌种，评估牛肉污染因素以及菌种的抗菌谱。
从屠宰场（n = 150）、肉铺（n = 150）和餐馆（n = 150）共采集450份肉类样本用于菌种的分离和鉴定。采用逻辑回归分析评估肉类中菌种的出现与潜在风险因素之间的关联。使用 Kirby Bauer 试验进行药敏试验。
安博和霍莱塔镇菌种的总体出现率为28.4%（128/450；95%置信区间[CI]：24.3 - 32.9%）。单核细胞增生李斯特菌的分离率为4.4%，伊氏李斯特菌为2.2%，无害李斯特菌为1.8%，格氏李斯特菌为3.8%，默氏李斯特菌为6.2%，威氏李斯特菌为10.2%。霍莱塔肉铺和餐馆肉类污染的概率高于安博[比值比（OR）= 3.4；95%；p = 0.001]，旱季高于雨季[OR = 5.2；p = 0.009]，且砧板卫生状况差的地方（OR = 7.7；p = 0.008）。在20株李斯特菌分离株中，分别有80%、70%、60%和55%对苯唑西林、阿米卡星、萘啶酸、氯霉素和四环素耐药。李斯特菌分离株分别有95%、90%和85%对阿莫西林、万古霉素和克林霉素敏感。约95%的李斯特菌分离株具有多重耐药性。一株分离株（5%）对10类抗菌药物产生了耐药性。
李斯特菌在研究城镇中广泛存在，城镇、季节和砧板卫生是李斯特菌分离的独立预测因素。李斯特菌中的多重耐药性非常高。因此，肉类充分烹饪、对牛肉处理人员进行定期培训、谨慎使用药物以及对李斯特菌种进行进一步的分子研究很重要。
