Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Program, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland; HiLife Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Finland.
Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Program, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland; HiLife Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Finland.
Neuropharmacology. 2021 Sep 1;195:108585. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108585. Epub 2021 Apr 25.
Kainate receptors (KARs) are highly expressed in the immature brain and have unique developmentally regulated functions that may be important in linking neuronal activity to morphogenesis during activity-dependent fine-tuning of the synaptic connectivity. Altered expression of KARs in the developing neural network leads to changes in glutamatergic connectivity and network excitability, which may lead to long-lasting changes in behaviorally relevant circuitries in the brain. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on physiological and morphogenic functions described for different types of KARs at immature neural circuitries, focusing on their roles in modulating synaptic transmission and plasticity as well as circuit maturation in the rodent hippocampus and amygdala. Finally, we discuss the emerging evidence suggesting that malfunction of KARs in the immature brain may contribute to the pathophysiology underlying developmentally originating neurological disorders.
kainate 受体（KARs）在未成熟的大脑中高度表达，具有独特的发育调节功能，可能在活动依赖性的突触连接精细调节过程中，将神经元活动与形态发生联系起来。发育中神经网络中 KARs 的表达改变会导致谷氨酸能连接和网络兴奋性的改变，这可能导致大脑中与行为相关的电路产生持久的变化。在这里，我们总结了目前关于不同类型 KARs 在未成熟神经回路中描述的生理和形态发生功能的知识，重点讨论了它们在调节突触传递和可塑性以及在啮齿动物海马体和杏仁核中的回路成熟中的作用。最后，我们讨论了一些新出现的证据，表明未成熟大脑中 KARs 的功能障碍可能导致发育起源的神经障碍的病理生理学。
