Kidney problems in disaster situations.

Mass disasters, particularly earthquakes, cause many medical problems, including kidney problems, but an organized approach to cope with them was initiated only at the end of previous century, subsequent to the Armenian Spitak earthquake in 1988. Originally, interventions were focused on acute kidney injury (AKI) following crush injury and rhabdomyolysis in victims who had been trapped under the debris of collapsed buildings. However, similar problems were also registered in the context of other catastrophic events, especially man-made disasters like wars and torture. Other kidney-related problems, such as the preservation of treatment continuity in chronic kidney disease (CKD), especially in maintenance dialysis patients, deserved attention as well. Specific therapeutic principles apply to disaster-related kidney problems and these may differ from usual day-to-day clinical practice. Those approaches have been formulated in global and specific country-related guidelines and recommendations. It is clear that a well-conceived and organized management of kidney diseases in disasters benefits outcomes. Furthermore, it may be useful if the model and philosophy that were applied over the last three decades could be adapted by broadening the scope of disasters leading to intervention. Actions should be guided and coordinated by a panel of experts steering ad hoc interventions, rather than applying the "old" static model where a single coordinating center instructs and uses volunteers listed long before a potential event occurs.