Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, P.O. BOX 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa.
Arch Microbiol. 2021 Aug;203(6):3495-3508. doi: 10.1007/s00203-021-02335-1. Epub 2021 Apr 28.
Three Fusarium species isolated locally were characterised by the amplification of their rDNA ITS region, host specificity, and hydrolytic enzyme production. The strains were identified as Fusarium pseudoanthophilum, which is being reported for the first time in South Africa, as well as F. foetens and F. fujikuroi. All the three strains were capable of infecting vegetables such as tomatoes, bell and cayenne peppers, belonging to the Solanaceae family. The Fusarium strains also showed significant production of cell wall degrading enzymes in vitro, such as amylase, cellulase, xylanase, and polygalacturonase, thus highlighting the possibilities of these enzymes as pathogenic factors. Subsequently, the strains were discovered to be susceptible to three halogenated coumarins. The most effective of the tested coumarins, 6-bromo3-2,2-dibromoacetyl-2H-chromen-2-one, showed MIC values of 0.125, 0.0625 and 0.125 mg/ml against F. foetens, F. pseudoanthophilum and F. fujikuroi, respectively. The antifungal potentials of the halogenated coumarins were confirmed in silico through PASS analysis, toxicity prediction and docking studies. Findings from this study demonstrate the use of these coumarins as potential control agents against the Fusarium species and other pathogenic fungi in general.
三种当地分离的镰刀菌物种通过扩增其 rDNA ITS 区、宿主特异性和水解酶产生来进行特征描述。这些菌株被鉴定为假暗梗镰孢菌，这是在南非的首次报道，以及尖孢镰刀菌和藤仓镰刀菌。所有三种菌株都能够感染番茄、甜椒和卡宴辣椒等蔬菜，这些蔬菜都属于茄科。这些镰刀菌菌株在体外也表现出显著的细胞壁降解酶的产生，如淀粉酶、纤维素酶、木聚糖酶和多聚半乳糖醛酸酶，从而突出了这些酶作为致病因素的可能性。随后，这些菌株被发现对三种卤代香豆素敏感。在测试的香豆素中，最有效的 6-溴-3-2,2-二溴乙酰基-2H-色烯-2-酮对尖孢镰刀菌、假暗梗镰孢菌和藤仓镰刀菌的 MIC 值分别为 0.125、0.0625 和 0.125 mg/ml。卤代香豆素的抗真菌潜力通过 PASS 分析、毒性预测和对接研究在计算机上得到了证实。本研究的结果表明，这些香豆素可以作为潜在的控制剂，用于防治镰刀菌和其他病原真菌。
