Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Preventive Dental Science Department, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Microsc Res Tech. 2021 Sep;84(9):2082-2094. doi: 10.1002/jemt.23764. Epub 2021 Apr 29.
The objective was to formulate and analyze a dentin adhesive incorporated with graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticle and calcium phosphate (CaP) composite. Methods comprising of scanning electron microscopy (SEM)-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), micro-Raman spectroscopy, shear bond strength (SBS), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were used to characterize nanoparticle composite, dentin bond toughness, degree of conversion (DC), and adhesive-dentin interaction. Postsynthesis of GO nanoparticles, they were functionalized with CaP using standard process. The GO-CaP composite was not added to experimental adhesive (negative control group, GO-CaP-0%), and added at 2.5 and 5 wt% to yield GO-CaP-2.5% and GO-CaP 5% groups, respectively. Teeth were set to form bonded samples utilizing adhesives in three groups for SBS testing, with and without thermocycling. The homogenous diffusion of GO-CaP composite was verified in the adhesive. Resin tags having standard penetrations were observed on SEM micrographs. The EDX analysis confirmed the occurrence of calcium, phosphorus, and carbon ions in the composite containing adhesives. The SBS test revealed highest mean values for GO-CaP-5% followed by GO-CaP-2.5%. The FTIR spectra verified the presence of apatite peaks and the micro-Raman spectra showed characteristic D and G bands for GO nanoparticles. GO-CaP composite in dentin adhesive may improve its bond strength. The addition of 5 wt% resulted in a bond strength that was superior to all other groups. GO-CaP-5% group demonstrated lower DC (to control), uniform distribution of GO and CaP composite within adhesive, appropriate dentin interaction, and resin tag formation.
目的是制备和分析一种含有氧化石墨烯（GO）纳米粒子和磷酸钙（CaP）复合材料的牙本质粘结剂。使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）-能量色散 X 射线光谱（EDX）、微拉曼光谱、剪切粘结强度（SBS）和傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）光谱来表征纳米粒子复合材料、牙本质粘结韧性、转化率（DC）和粘结剂-牙本质相互作用。GO 纳米粒子合成后，通过标准工艺对其进行 CaP 功能化。GO-CaP 复合材料未添加到实验性粘结剂（GO-CaP-0%，阴性对照组）中，分别以 2.5 和 5wt%的添加量添加到 GO-CaP-2.5%和 GO-CaP 5%组中。在三个组中使用粘结剂形成粘结样本进行 SBS 测试，包括有和没有热循环。在粘结剂中证实了 GO-CaP 复合材料的均匀扩散。在 SEM 显微照片上观察到具有标准渗透的树脂标记。EDX 分析证实了复合材料中存在钙、磷和碳原子。SBS 测试显示 GO-CaP-5%的平均粘结强度最高，其次是 GO-CaP-2.5%。FTIR 光谱证实了磷灰石峰的存在，微拉曼光谱显示了 GO 纳米粒子的特征 D 和 G 带。GO-CaP 复合材料在牙本质粘结剂中可能会提高其粘结强度。添加 5wt%的粘结强度优于所有其他组。GO-CaP-5%组表现出较低的 DC（对照）、GO 和 CaP 复合材料在粘结剂中的均匀分布、适当的牙本质相互作用和树脂标记形成。
